Effect of boron on sunflower (Helianthus annuus) productivity and grain composition under sulphate dominated saline conditions

KULDEEP SINGH; RAMPRAKASH RAMPRAKASH; ANURAG SANGWAN; ARVIND YADAV; KAUTILYA CHAUDHARY

doi:10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99048

Authors

KULDEEP SINGH Assistant Director Agriculture, Government of Madhya Pradesh, Sheopur
RAMPRAKASH RAMPRAKASH Assistant Scientist, Department of Soil Sciences, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana
ANURAG SANGWAN Agriculture Development Officer, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
ARVIND YADAV Assistant Professor, Department of Agronomy, SKU Agriculture University, Jobner, Rajasthan
KAUTILYA CHAUDHARY Assistant Scientist, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v90i2.99048

Keywords:

Boron, Salinity, Sulphate, Sunflower

Abstract

The present study was carried out at CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India in 2015– 16 to examine the response of Boron applications to sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under sulphate dominated salinity with four salinity (EC) levels (Control, 4, 8 and 12 dS/m) and five Boron levels (Control, 1, 3, 6, 12 mg/kg). The per cent decrease in germination with increasing levels of salinity at high boron level was 1.87, 2.74 and 13.21, respectively, as compared to the control. The per cent reduction in seed yield of sunflower as compared to control was 7.35, 24.80 and 52.06% at salinity levels of 4, 8 and 12 dS/m at 12 mg/kg boron level, respectively. Similarly increase in Boron levels significantly reduced the seed yield of sunflower. Maximum oil content (40.93%) was observed in control while minimum oil content (34.40%) was observed at high salinity and boron level. Salinity stress at 12 dS/m reduced protein content 13.53% as compared to control conditions. Protein content was decreased significantly at 6 and 12 mg/kg. The salinity and boron have detrimental effects on germination, seed yield, protein content and oil content of sunflower. The concentration of ions (Ca²⁺, Na⁺, SO₄^2- and C1^-) in sunflower seed was higher in saline condition. Boron levels increased the concentration of Ca2+, Na+ and C1- in sunflower seed under sulphate dominated salinity which furthers reduced plant survival and negates the productivity.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Bastias E, Alcaraz-Lopez C, Bonilla I, Martinez-Ballesta M C, Bolanos L and Carvajal M. 2010. Interactions between salinity and boron toxicity in tomato plants involve apoplastic calcium. Journal of Plant Physiology. 167: 54–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2009.07.014

Carpena R O, Esteban E, Sarro M J, Penalosa J, Garate A, Lucena J J and Zornoza P. 2000. Boron and calcium distribution in nitrogen-fixing pea plants. Plant Science 151: 163–70. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00210-1

Cucci G, Rotunno T, De C A, Lacolla G, Di C R and Tarantino E. 2007. Effects of Saline and Sodic stress on yield and fatty acid profile in sunflower seeds. Italian Journal of Agronomy. 1: 13–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4081/ija.2007.13

Ganmore- Neuman R and Davidov S. 1993. Uptake and distribution of calcium in rose plantlets as affected by calcium and boron concentration in culture solution. Plant Soil 155(156): 151–4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00025006

Grattan S R and Grieve C M. 1991. Salinity-mineral nutrient relations in horticultural crops. Scientia Horticulturae 78: 127–57. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(98)00192-7

Greive C M and Poss J P. 2000. Wheat responses to interactive effects of boron and salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition 23: 1217–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160009382095

Grieve C M, Poss J A, Grattan S R, Suarez D L and Smith T E. 2010. The combined effects of salinity and excess boron on mineral ion relations in broccoli. Journal of Scientific Horticulture 125: 179–87. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.03.012

Haque M A, Jahiruddin M, Hoque M A, Rahman M Z and Clarke D. 2014. Temporal variability of soil and water salinity and its effect on crop at kalaparaupazila. Journal of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resources 7(2): 111–14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v7i2.22218

Ismail A M. 2004. Response of Maize and Sorghum to Excess Boron and Salinity. Biology of Plants 47: 313‒16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BIOP.0000022274.72111.12

Jackson M L. 1973. Soil Chemical Analysis. Prentice Hall of India Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.

Jose M F, Roldan A M, Sanchez C, Alexandre G and Benlloch M. 2005. K+ starvation increases water uptake in whole sunflower plants. Plant Science 168: 823–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2004.10.015

Khalid D, Saad D, Kacem M, Ezzahra N F, Fouad A and Abdelhadi A H. 2018. Sunflower response to Boron supply when grown in silty clay soil. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2018.06.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2018.06.004

Khatoon A, Qureshi M S and Hussain M K. 2000. Effect of salanity on some yield parameters of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). International Journal of Agriculture and Biology 2(4): 382–4.

Kiarostami K, Mohsini R and Saboora A. 2010. Biochemical changes of Rosamarinus officinalis under salt stress. Journal of Stress Physiology and Biochemistry 6: 114–22.

Kostova B. 2010. Prospects for development of sunflower production in Bulgaria. Trakia Journal of Science 3: 215–18.

Maas E V and Hoffman G J. 1976. Crop salt tolerance: Evaluation of existing data. (In) Proceedings of International Salinity Conference, Lubbock, Texas, August, pp 187–98.

Manchanda H R and Sharma S K. 1989.Tolerance of chloride and sulphate salinity in chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Journal of Agricultural Sciences 113: 407–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600070131

Mekki B B. 2015. Effect of boron foliar application on yield and quality of some sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars. Journal of Arabian Science and Technology 5: 309–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6264/2015.05.002

Moodie C D, Smith H W and McCreery R A. 1959. Laboratory Manual for Soil Fertility. State College of Washington, Pullman. Washington, USA.

Munns R, James R A and Läuchli A. 2006. Approaches to increasing the salt tolerance of wheat and other cereals. Journal of Experimental Botany 57: 1025–43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erj100

Nawaz S, Akhtar M, Aslam M, Qureshi R H, Ahmad Z and Akhtar J. 2002. Anatomical morphological and physiological changes in sunflower varieties because of NaCl salinity. (In) Proceedings of 9th International Congress of Soil Sciences, Pakistan, March 46.

Olsen S R, Cole C V, Watanabe F S and Dean L A. 1954. Estimation of available phosphorus in soils by extraction with sodium bicarbonate. United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, USA.

Richards L A. 1954. Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. USDA, Washington, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-195408000-00012

Ruiz M, Quiñones A, Martínez-Alcántara B, Aleza P, Morillon R, Navarro L, Primo-Millo E and Martínez-Cuenca M. 2016. Tetraploidy enhances boron-excess tolerance in carrizocitrange (Citrus sinensis L. Osb. _ Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf.). Fronters in Plant Science 27: 701. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00701

Saberali S F and Moradi M. 2019. Effect of salinity on germination and seedling growth of Trigonella foenum-graecum, Dracocephalum moldavica, Satureja hortensis and Anethum graveolens. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences 18: 316–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2017.09.004

Shila A, Haque M A, Ahmed R and Howlader M H K. 2016. Effect of different levels of salinity on germination and early seedling growth of sunflower. World Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3(1): 48–53.

Souza A, Oliveira M F and Castiglioni V B. 2004. The boron on sunflower crop. Semin.Ciênc.Agrár 25: 27–34.

Suarez D L and Grieve C M. 2013. Growth, yield, and ion relations of strawberry in response to irrigation with chloride-dominated waters. Journal of Plant Nutrition 36: 1963–1981. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2013.766210

Subbiah B V and Asija G L. 1956. A rapid procedure for the determination of available nitrogen in soils. Current Science 25: 259-60.

Toorchii M, Naderi R, Kanbar A and Shakiba M R. 2011. Response of spring Canola cultivars to sodium chloride stress. American Biological Research 2: 312–22.

United States of Department of Agriculture (USDA). 2019. USDA-Foreign Agricultural Services, Office of Global Analysis International Production Asssessment Division Circular Series WAP. pp 6–19.

Walkley A and Black I A. 1934. An experiment of the Degtareff method for determination of soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chronic acid titration method. Soil Science 37: 29–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-193401000-00003

Zhou D and Xiao M. 2010. Specific ion effects on the seed germination of sunflower.Journal of Plant Nutrition 33(2): 255–66. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01904160903434295