Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
type: channel
description: Indian Journal of veterinary journal publishes review article(invited), original /applied research, clinical reports short communications on all area of animal health including diagnosis treatment and control. Editorial Board Subscription Details
publisher: Indian Society for Veterinary Medicine
language: en
publication name: Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
issn: 0970-051X
copyright: Copyright policy of the journal requires author to delegate all the copyrights to Indian Society for Veterinary Medicine.
items: Arterial Blood Gas analysis in Labrador retriever puppies with parvoviral enteritis
items: Clinico pathological changes in cattle with theileriosis
items: Prevalence of Mast Cell Tumour in Dogs in Chennai
items: Effectiveness of Nutritional Supplement (SKORA 33) in the Management of Malassezia dermatitis in Dogs
items: Successful Management of Oesophageal Obstruction in a Jersey Crossbred Cow
items: Endoscopic retrieval of Pendastomid worm occlusion in a rescued Indian Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosa)
items: Clinico Pathological and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Dogs with Ascites
items: Cobra Envenomation in a Doberman Dog – A Case Report
items: Haemato-biochemical changes in small ruminants with haemoprotozoan diseases
items: Clinico pathological studies of Pericardial effusion in fourteen dogs
items: Management of Acute-on-Chronic Kidney Injury in a Golden Retriever
items: Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease in a Star Tortoise
items: Tetanus in a calf- A Case Report
items: Salt Toxicity in a Buffalo Heifer
items: Clinical and molecular evaluation of Proteus mirabilis in a family pet dog with urolithiasis
items: Therapeutic Management of Anaplasmosis in a Kid
items: Cystoisosporosis in a puppy- A Case Report
items: Successful Management of Pemphigus vulgaris in dogs with Prednisolone
items: Urolithiasis in a Dog with Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Report
items: Electrocardiographic changes in dogs with Mitral Valve Disease
items: Successful management of Babesiosis in a Dog – A Case Report
items: Assessment of economic impact of babesiosis in cattle in Andhra Pradesh
items: Radiographic, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Evaluation in dogs with ascites
items: Ebstein’s Anomaly in a Golden Retriever puppy
items: Management of Cystitis in two dogs
items: Haematobiochemical examination and urinalysis in dogs with renal disease
items: Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome in a Lhasa Apso Dog
items: Intravenous Lipid Therapy in the Management of Ivermectin Toxicity in a Cat
items: Incidence of canine parvovirus infection in and around Tirupati
items: Electrolyte, blood gas and acid-base imbalance in canine chronic renal disease in dogs

Arterial Blood Gas analysis in Labrador retriever puppies with parvoviral enteritis
type: item
description: Labrador Retriever Puppies aged between 3 months to 5 months with parvoviral enteritis were selected and their Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) profile was analyzed. It revealed decreased pO2 and elevated anion gap affected puppies. There was significant reduction in the mean concentrations for plasma total CO2 (TCO2), partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and HCO3 values.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Arterial Blood Gas (ABG), Canine Parvovirus (CPV), labrador retriever
  topic: keywords
creator: Palanivelrajan M
creator: D. Sumathi
creator: A.P. Nambi
creator: S. Ramesh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 19
ending page: 20
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.169482

Clinico pathological changes in cattle with theileriosis
type: item
description: The paper reports the clinical and pathological findings in cattle suffering with abomasal ulcers in association with theileriosis. Six cattle with abomasal ulcers in association with theileriosis was identified by presence of intra-erythrocytic piroplasms of Theileria annulata in stained blood smears. Abomasal ulcers were identified based on the positive benzidine test. The clinical findings noticed were absence of rumination, anorexia, loss of milk yield, melena, depressed demeanour, emaciation, abdominal guarding, pale mucous membranes, hyperthermia, lymphadenopathy, kyphosis, tachypnea and dyspnea. Reduced serum levels of albumin, calcium, phosphorus, chloride, potassium and increased serum levels of aspartate transaminase, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine were noticed.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Abomasal ulcers
  topic: keywords
subject: Ultrasonography
  topic: keywords
subject: Theileriosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Cattle
  topic: keywords
creator: Bhavanam Sudhakara Reddy
creator: Sirigireddy Sivajothi
creator: Karamala Sujatha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.166663

Prevalence of Mast Cell Tumour in Dogs in Chennai
type: item
description: The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of mast cell tumours in dogs presented at Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai for five months (July 2024- November 2024). A total of 802 cytological smears prepared each from the nodule of different breeds of dogs were referred to the Centralised Clinical Laboratory, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai for cytological examination. The overall prevalence of mast cell tumour was found to be 2.86 %, of which, females showed a higher prevalence (56.52 %) compared to males (43.47%). Among various age groups affected, an increased prevalence was recorded in dogs belonging to more than six years of age (56.52%), followed by 0-3 years (26.08%) and 4-6 years (17.39%). Non-descript breeds showed the highest prevalence (52.17 %), followed by Labrador Retriever (34.78%), and Golden Retrievers, Boxer and Pug (4.34 % each).
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Chennai, Dog, Mast cell tumour, Prevalence,
  topic: keywords
creator: Ramesh S
creator: Senthilkumar Kuppusamy
creator: Nithya P
creator: Subapriya S
creator: Kumar V
creator: Leela Kamalam M
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.163257

Effectiveness of Nutritional Supplement (SKORA 33) in the Management of Malassezia dermatitis in Dogs
type: item
description: Malassezia dermatitis is one of the common dermatological conditions in dogs, often requiring comprehensive therapeutic management. Ten dogs were diagnosed with Malassezia dermatitis based on clinical signs and confirmed through direct microscopic examination of swab smears stained with Loeffler’s methylene blue. Treatment was carried out with iatroconazole with omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (SKORA 33), antioxidants, vitamins, and trace minerals. Over a three-week treatment period, the supplemented group recorded marked clinical improvement, including enhanced hair regrowth.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Malassezia dermatitis, Dog, nutritional supplement (SKORA-33).
  topic: keywords
creator: Sidhanna M
creator: Selvi, D
creator: Yashas, V
creator: Madhavi Priya, K
creator: Mohammed Thowfik, M
creator: Devadevi, N
creator: Vijayalakshmi, P
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 1
ending page: 4
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173957

Successful Management of Oesophageal Obstruction in a Jersey Crossbred Cow
type: item
description: A Jersey crossbred non-pregnant cow was presented with a history of anorexia and dysphagia. The cow was unable to swallow anything. Physical examination and oesophageal palpation revealed a enlargement in the left lateral neck region. An attempt to pass a stomach tube failed, indicating oesophageal obstruction. After sedation and manual intervention, a foreign body composed of groundnut cake and feed material was retrieved. The condition of the cow improved following the removal of the obstruction.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: esophageal obstruction
  topic: keywords
subject: foreign body
  topic: keywords
subject: groundnut cake
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohanambal Kaliyannan
creator: Sumathi, D*., Ponnu Swamy, K. K., Ravi, R. and Sasikala, K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 58
ending page: 59
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173835

Endoscopic retrieval of Pendastomid worm occlusion in a rescued Indian Rat Snake (Ptyas mucosa)
type: item
description: A rat snake was presented with the history of rescue from a rural household. It was said to have some hit injury and was dull and reluctant to move. Bubbling of nasal discharge from the nostril, open mouth breathing and copious salivation were noticed. On auscultation deep breathing was observed; respiratory distress was noticed. The snake was medicated with ketamine hydrochloride and Diazepam and prepared for endoscopic assessment. A 2.8mm thin flexible endoscopy was used to assess the trachea, lungs and air sac area. In the middle of respiratory tract, occlusion with Pentastomid worm was noticed which was retrieved using grasping forceps. Dextrose Normal Saline was administered orally using feeding tubes and ivermectin was given subcutaneously. The snake recovered uneventfully after endoscopy and later rehabilitated and released in to a non-human habitat area.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Indian rat snake, Flexible Endoscopy, Pentastome, Occlusion
  topic: keywords
creator: Veeraselvam
creator: Selvaraj P
creator: Yogeshpriya , S
creator: Saravanan, M
creator: Jayalakshmi, E
creator: Tamileniyan, E
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 23
ending page: 25
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.168648

Clinico Pathological and Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Dogs with Ascites
type: item
description: Ascites is a common clinical manifestation of underlying hepatic pathology in dogs, often resulting from portal hypertension, cirrhosis, or hypoalbuminemia. The study was aimed to evaluate haematological, biochemical, electrolyte, ascitic fluid, and ultrasonographic alterations in 15 dogs with ascites. Haematologically mean values of Hb, PCV and TEC were significantly reduced while total leukocyte with neutrophil count were significantly increased. Biochemically, mean values of total protein and albumin were significantly reduced while mean values of ALT, AST, ALP, and BUN were significantly increased. On sonography increased parenchymal echogenicity, irregular liver margins, rounding of liver margins and diffuse nodular changes were noticed.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Ascites, Portal hypertension, SAAG, Sonography
  topic: keywords
creator: Milind Tyagi
creator: Ajay katoch
creator: Ankur Sharma
creator: Pardeep Sharma
creator: Adarsh Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 12
ending page: 15
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.168197

Cobra Envenomation in a Doberman Dog – A Case Report
type: item
description: A two years old male Doberman dog was presented in a recumbent state with a history of snake bite and clinical manifestations of dullness, depression, respiratory distress and frothy salivation. Clinical examination revealed two fang marks on the lateral aspect of the left shoulder with oozing of blood. Hematological evaluation showed leukocytosis and reduced packed cell volume. Based on the clinical signs and history, the condition was diagnosed as cobra envenomation. The dog was treated with Polyvalent anti snake venom along with Atropine sulphate, Antibiotics, B complex, Fluid therapy and Antiseptic wound dressing. Uneventful recovery was observed within three days. The case emphasizes the importance of early identification, timely antivenom administration and supportive therapy in successful management of neurotoxic snake bite on dogs.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Cobra bite, Naja naja, Dog, Anti-snake venom, Neurotoxic envenomation
  topic: keywords
creator: Srikanth Kandula
creator: Anush, D.
creator: Sai Charitha V
creator: Suresh, R.
creator: Shashan J
creator: Nagaraj, P
creator: Satish Kumar, K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 44
ending page: 45
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173493

Haemato-biochemical changes in small ruminants with haemoprotozoan diseases
type: item
description: Haemoprotozoan diseases is one of the important infectious aliments affecting small ruminants. Haemato-biochemical changes in small ruminants with haemoprotozoan diseaases was carried out. Animals with fever, lymphadenopathy, haemoglobinuria, tick infestation were screened. 100 number of samples were taken up for the study during the period of November 2024 to November 2025. These blood samples were subjected to haematology and serum biochemistry analysis. Reduction in haemoglobin, packed cell volume, erythrocyte and increase in total leucocyte count and differential count were observed. Elevated serum total bilirubin, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transferase and magnesium were observed. Reduced serum albumin, iron and copper were noticed in these small ruminants.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Haemoprotozoan diseases, haematology, serum biochemistry
  topic: keywords
creator: Archana Sankar
creator: Prabhavathy H
creator: Premalatha, N
creator: Senthilkumar, K
creator: Kavitha, S
creator: Vijayakumar G
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 5
ending page: 7
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173203

Clinico pathological studies of Pericardial effusion in fourteen dogs
type: item
description: Fourteen dogs presented to the Small Animal Outpatient Unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital, Chennai, exhibiting clinical signs suggestive of pericardial effusion were subjected to detailed clinical, radiographic, electrocardiographic, ultrasonographic, and echocardiographic evaluations. Pericardiocentesis was performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Echocardiography proved to be a reliable diagnostic tool for confirmation and monitoring of pericardial effusion. Cytological evaluation aided in differentiation of idiopathic, neoplastic, and inflammatory causes.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Pericardial effusion, Echocardiography, Pericardiocentesis, Cytology, Dog
  topic: keywords
creator: Arun kumar L M
creator: K. Jeyaraja
creator: R. Ramprabhu
creator: Arun Prasad A
creator: K. Swetha
creator: P. Nithya
creator: S. Kavitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 26
ending page: 28
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173169

Management of Acute-on-Chronic Kidney Injury in a Golden Retriever
type: item
description: A four-year-old Golden Retriever bitch weighing 26 Kg was presented with the history of inappetence for one week. Clinical examination revealed emaciated, pyrexia, pale mucus membrane, hypertension (170 mmHg). splenomegaly and generalized lymphadenopathy. Laboratory evaluation showed hypochromic anemia with thrombocytopenia, hyposthenuria with proteinuria with elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels. Nephrosonogram revealed normal parenchyma with good corticomedullary differentiation, with irregular border and increased cortical echogenicity. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed Babesia gibsoni infection.. Targeted antiprotozoal therapy comprised a 28-day course of triple antibiotic protocol with doxycycline, clindamycin, and metronidazole along with hematinic and thrombopoietic support. Therapeutic management included fluid therapy, antiemetics, proton pump inhibitors, antihypertensives, phosphate binders, renal-specific diet, and supportive care Marked clinical improvement was observed during follow-up, with progressive normalization of renal parameters, restoration of appetite, and improvement in body condition score.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Babesia gibsoni, Dog, Kidney injury, Triple therapy
  topic: keywords
creator: Sachin Manoj
creator: M. Chandrasekar
creator: Balangagatharathilagar M
creator: P Raja
creator: S. Kavitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 31
ending page: 33
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.173136

Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease in a Star Tortoise
type: item
description: A rescued Indian Star Tortoise (Geochelone elegans) was presented with shell deformities, limb weakness and ulcerative plastron lesions. Clinical evaluation, radiography and biochemical analysis were carried out. The plastron was abnormally soft and pliable, deviating markedly from the rigidity observed in healthy individuals. Deep ulcerative lesions were noted on the pectoral and abdominal scutes of the plastron. Hypocalcaemia with elevated phosphorus, parathyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase levels was observed while reduced serum vitamin A and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol concentrations. Microbiological culture of the ulcerative plastron lesions yielded Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus spp. Treatment included calcium and vitamin supplementation, fluid therapy and antimicrobial therapy, resulting in significant clinical improvement and shell remineralization within six weeks.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Star tortoise, Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease
  topic: keywords
creator: Veeraselvam
creator: Tamileniyan, E
creator: Jeevitha, M
creator: Yogeshpriya S
creator: Karthika, K. Jyothipriya, R and Ponnu swamy, K.K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 16
ending page: 18
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.172759

Tetanus in a calf- A Case Report
type: item
description: A one-day old female Crossbred Jersey (CBJ) calf was presented to the Referral Veterinary Polyclinic (RVP), ICAR-IVRI with the complaint of dullness, inappetence and dribbling of urine from the umbilical cord since birth. Physical examination revealed high temperature (104.5°F), difficulty in drinking milk, erect ears, muscle rigidity, hindlimb stiffness and difficulty in walking. Based on these classical findings, the present case was diagnosed as Tetanus associated with persistent urachus. The calf was treated with Anti Tetanus Serum (ATS), antibiotic, muscle relaxants and fluid therapy for 5 days. The animal showed uneventful recovery following therapeutic management.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Tetanus, Clostridium tetani, Calf, Anti tetanus serum (ATS)
  topic: keywords
creator: Udhayabanu P
creator: Chitra Chauhan Dungarsingh
creator: Mahendran. K
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 51
ending page: 52
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.172244

Salt Toxicity in a Buffalo Heifer
type: item
description: Sodium chloride is an essential dietary component for cattle, but excessive intake or water restriction can cause salt poisoning and hypernatremia, leading to severe neurological dysfunction. This report describes a case of salt toxicosis in one year old buffalo heifer that developed acute neurological signs after ingesting 1.5 kg of common salt without access to drinking water. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical presentation, and elevated serum sodium and chloride levels. The heifer was successfully treated through gradual rehydration, isotonic fluid therapy, and supportive management.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: buffalo, salt toxicity
  topic: keywords
creator: Kanwarpal Singh Dhillon
creator: Bikramjit Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 21
ending page: 22
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.172234

Clinical and molecular evaluation of Proteus mirabilis in a family pet dog with urolithiasis
type: item
description: Urinary tract infections are a major concern in family pet dogs. Golden Retriever dog was found to have urinary incontinence, haematuria, stranguria and foul-smelling urine. Radiography and ultrasonography confirmed multiple nephroliths in the right kidney and urethral calculi measuring 5.28 mm. Elevated BUN, creatinine, phosphorus, anemia, haematuria, proteinuria, and struvite crystalluria were noticed. The isolation and characterization of Proteus mirabilis, using both conventional and molecular methods, including 16S rRNA gene sequencing, confirmed its association with urolithiasis. Urethral calculi were relieved by retrograde urohydropropulsion, and the dog was treated with Amoxicillin-Clavulanate along with dietary and supportive therapy. Post-treatment urinalysis by the fourth week showed no abnormalities, indicating clinical improvement.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Proteus mirabilis, dog, struvite crystals.
  topic: keywords
creator: T. Ranjith Vimalraj
creator: P. Selvaraj
creator: K. Senthilkumar
creator: P. Pothiappan
creator: S. Kavitha
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 34
ending page: 37
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.172214

Therapeutic Management of Anaplasmosis in a Kid
type: item
description: A non-descript male kid about 4 months old was presented with complaint of anorexia, lethargic and tick infestation. Clinical examination revealed elevated temperature (104.6⸰F), pale conjunctival mucous membrane, anaemia and enlarged lymph nodes. Peripheral blood smear showed the presence of Anaplasma organism in the RBCs. Whole blood was collected and subjected to PCR, in which sample shown positive for Anaplasma ovis infection. The kid was administered with oxytetracycline @ 20 mg/kg body weight I/M, Sharkoferrol vet (@ 5 gm daily) and B- complex injection (@ 1 mL I/M) at an interval of 48h. Significant clinical improvement was noticed after five days of treatment.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Anaplasmosis, PCR, Oxytetracycline, Small ruminants
  topic: keywords
creator: Archanna
creator: Prabhavathy H
creator: Premalatha N
creator: Senthilkumar K
creator: Kavitha S
creator: Vijayakumar G
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 48
ending page: 50
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.172022

Cystoisosporosis in a puppy- A Case Report
type: item
description: A two-month-old male German Shepherd pup was presented to the small animal outpatient unit, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Pookode, Wayanad with a history of malodorous dark tarry diarrhoea, intermittent vomiting and weakness for 5 days. The condition was diagnosed by microscopic examination of the faecal sample as cystoisosporosis. The treatment was initiated with intramuscular injection of sulphadiazine trimethoprim @ 20mg/Kg body weight for three days followed by sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim tablets for the next four days. The animal made an uneventful recovery.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Cystoisosporosis Sulphadiazine-Trimethoprim
  topic: keywords
creator: Yamuna Nandan P K
creator: Sindhu O K
creator: AjithKumar, K.G
creator: Geethu, R
creator: Deepa, C. K
creator: Reghu Ravindran
creator: Vinu David, P
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 56
ending page: 57
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.171733

Successful Management of Pemphigus vulgaris in dogs with Prednisolone
type: item
description: Two dogs were presented to Small Animal Clinics Out-Patient Dermatology Unit (SAC-OPDU) at Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital (MVCTH) with oral ulcers and erosions on gums and palate. The oral lesions and erosions were positive for direct Nikolskiy’s sign and the samples from the lesions were also negative for bacterial and fungal infections.Direct Impression smears from the ulcers and erosions of the two animals were taken and subjected to cytology which showed the presence of acantholytic cells surrounded by neutrophils. Based on the cytology evaluation and distribution of lesion it was confirmed as Pemphigus vulgaris (PV). Both the animals were treated with prednisolone at 0.5 mg/kg body weight for a month along with supplements such as omega fatty acids and vitamins. Improvement was observed in two cases but one dog showed recurrence of lesions after 2 weeks of discontinuation of prednisolone. Complete blood count and serum biochemistry values of the dogs remained within normal limits throughout therapy. since recurrence is common in Pemphigus in dogs, it is concluded that prednisolone is effective in managing Pemphigus vulgaris in dogs and prednisolone can be tapered to the lowest effective dose for prolonged period to avoid recurrence.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
creator: Mounika Kothapalli
creator: Devi T
creator: Nagarajan K
creator: Gowri B
creator: Kavitha S
creator: Vijayakumar G
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 41
ending page: 43
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.171696

Urolithiasis in a Dog with Diabetes Mellitus - A Case Report
type: item
description: A 7-year-old female Beagle, diagnosed with diabetes mellitus six months earlier and on insulin therapy, presented with haematuria, dysuria, and abdominal discomfort. Diagnostic workup included complete blood count, blood smear, mean blood glucose estimation, serum amylase and lipase, rapid Snap 4DX test, Babesia spp. antigen tests, radiography, and ultrasonography. All infectious disease tests (E. canis, Anaplasma spp., Dirofilaria immitis, Borrelia burgdorferi, Babesia canis, B. gibsoni) were negative. Complete blood count showed a platelet count of 399,000/µL. Random blood glucose was 600 mg/dL, reduced to 224 mg/dL post-insulin. Imaging revealed a 3.52 cm hyperechoic, radio-opaque structure in the lower abdomen, consistent with cystic calculi, along with a thickened urinary bladder wall (0.61 cm), suggestive of cystitis likely associated with diabetes and uroliths. Surgery was performed, and a 24.42 g, yellowish, apricot seed-shaped calculus (3.1 × 2.4 × 1.3 cm) was removed.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Cystitis, Diabetes mellitus,Dog, Hematuria, Urolithiasis
  topic: keywords
creator: Mritunjay kumar
creator: Pallav Shekhar
creator: Ramesh Tiwary
creator: Namrata
creator: Arzoo Nisha
creator: Vivek Kumar Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 46
ending page: 47
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.170512

Electrocardiographic changes in dogs with Mitral Valve Disease
type: item
description: Mitral valvular disease is the most common acquired cardiac disease in dogs, which is characterised grossly by nodular distortion of the valve leaflets, as well as by thickening and lengthening of the chordae tendineae. The electrocardiogram is an insensitive gauge of cardiac chamber size. The diagnosis of mitral valve disease is difficult in field conditions especially in non sophisticated hospitals. The study was conducted in six dogs with mitral valve disease. Dogs brought to general health check up and vaccination were selected as the control animals. Confirmation of mitral valve disease was carried out using echocardiography. Fine atrial fibrillation was the major electrocardiographic findings in dogs diagnosed with mitral valvular disease. Even though, no statistical significance could be established between control and diseased dogs, duration of P wave, QRS, PR, ST and QT interval were increased in diseased dogs. The present study aids in the diagnosis of dogs with mitral valve disease with the help of electrocardiography.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Mitral valve disease
  topic: keywords
subject: electrocardiography
  topic: keywords
subject: dog
  topic: keywords
creator: Sindhu K Rajan
creator: Usha Narayana Pillai
creator: Ajithkumar S
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 29
ending page: 30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.170095

Successful management of Babesiosis in a Dog – A Case Report
type: item
description: A three-year-old intact male Labrador Retriever was presented to the Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary College Hospital, Bengaluru, with a history of pyrexia, anorexia, lethargy, and ascites. Clinical examination revealed pale mucous membranes, fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, and mild halitosis. Haematobiochemical analysis revealed anaemia, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilic leucocytosis, lymphocytopenia, hypoproteinaemia and elevated creatinine and ALT values. Peripheral blood smear examination revealed piroplasm-like structures, later confirmed as Babesia gibsoni by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Abdominal ultrasonography demonstrated moderate hepatomegaly, ascites, and splenomegaly. The dog was successfully treated with a triple therapy regimen consisting of doxycycline, clindamycin, and metronidazole. Supportive care included protein supplements, antacids, haematinics, hepatoprotectants, antioxidants, and B-complex vitamins.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: imha
  topic: keywords
subject: mods
  topic: keywords
subject: haemolytic anaemia
  topic: keywords
subject: labrador
  topic: keywords
subject: babesiosis
  topic: keywords
subject: sirs
  topic: keywords
creator: SP Abhijith
creator: Abdul Kalam A
creator: Apoorva H J
creator: Lathamani V.S
creator: Kshama M.A.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 53
ending page: 55
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.170110

Assessment of economic impact of babesiosis in cattle in Andhra Pradesh
type: item
description: The goal of the current study was to document the financial losses incurred by cattle infected with babesiosis between January 2023 and December 2024 in Chittore district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Throughout the course of the study, the total average financial impact resulting from babesiosis was ₹31,60,464 and the average annual loss resulting from individual cattle was ₹15,049. When comparing the different variables causing the economic loss highest percent was due to mortality loss (39.87 percent), reproductive loss (37.79 percent), production loss (8.05 percent), treatment cost (7.64 percent) and for daily wages loss (6.65 percent).
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Cattle
  topic: keywords
subject: Babesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Financial loss
  topic: keywords
creator: Patteda Dhanamjayan
creator: Bhavanam Sudhakara Reddy
creator: Bollam Shobhamani
creator: Sirigireddy Sivajothi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 8
ending page: 11
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.169723

Radiographic, Electrocardiographic and Echocardiographic Evaluation in dogs with ascites
type: item
description: The present study was carried out at Veterinary Clinical Complex, College of Veterinary Science, Tirupati from May 2024 to November 2024. Animals presented with the history of abdominal distension, anorexia, respiratory distress and pedal oedema were selected for study. Diagnosis of ascites was done by radiography, ultrasonography and echocardiography. Radiographic findings were characteristic ground glass appearance. Ultrasonographic findings were hepatomegaly, hyperechoic, hypoechoic and mixed echogenicity of liver parenchyma etc. Echocardiographic findings were dilated cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, pericardial effusions etc.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Ascites, Radiography, Ultrasonography, Echocardiography
  topic: keywords
creator: Lalitha B
creator: Shobhamani, B
creator: Sudhakar Goud, K
creator: Malakondaiah, P
creator: Rajesh, K
creator: Vaikunta Rao, V
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-12-16
publication date: 2025-12-16
starting page: 38
ending page: 40
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i2.169198

Ebstein’s Anomaly in a Golden Retriever puppy
type: item
description: A 3-month-old Golden retriever pup was presented with complaints of abdominal distension, lethargy and inappetence. On clinical examination pale mucous membrane, tachycardia and cardiac murmurs were observed. Haemato-biochemical examination revealed anaemia, leukocytosis, hypoalbuminaemia and elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Radiographic findings indicated cardiac enlargement and ascites. Increased P wave duration and atrial tachycardia were the major findings on electrocardiography. Echocardiography revealed enlarged right chambers, collapsed left chambers and posteriorly placed tricuspid valves along with regurgitant flow diagnostic of Ebstein’s anomaly. Treatment was initiated with antibiotics, diuretics, ACE inhibitors and cardiac supportive. Pup succumbed to death the next day.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Tricuspid dysplasia
  topic: keywords
subject: Ebstein's anomaly
  topic: keywords
subject: dog
  topic: keywords
creator: Mary Grace M
creator: Sindhu OK OK
creator: Namitha Shaji
creator: Vinu David Pulikottil
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168044

Management of Cystitis in two dogs
type: item
description: Two dogs were presented with complaint of haematuria, inappatance, dyspepsia and stranguria. Leukocytosis, low Hb while urinalysis revealed protienuria with pH 9, erythrocytes, pus cells and abundant struvite crystals in female. Culture result showed Staphylococcus growth in female and mixed growth of Pseudomonas, Proteus and Klebsialla in male. Antibiotic sensitivity was present predominantly for cephalosporins. On abdominal ultrasonography examination, the bladder displayed increased wall thickness, and hyperechoic crystals which concluded the case as cystitis. Culture result showed Staphylococcus growth Antibiotic sensitivity was present predominantly for cephalosporins and enrofloxacin. They were treated with cephalexin with other supplements and was advised for struvite diet. Improvement with resolution of signs and normal appetite was noticed after 15 days.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: canine cystitis, hematuria, struvite
  topic: keywords
creator: M.Manaswini, Khushi Sharma, Vaishnavi, S
creator: Satish Kumar k
creator: Sonali, M., Kavitha,K., Gopala, L
creator: Rachana, T
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.167966

Haematobiochemical examination and urinalysis in dogs with renal disease
type: item
description: Early detection of renal diseases in canines is crucial for improving prognosis and extending quality of life. Urinalysis plays major role in identifying renal dysfunction. This study was aimed to evaluate different haemato-biochemical parameters along with urinalysis in dogs with Stage I and II of renal disease. Study was conducted on 13 dogs with Stage I and II renal disease. Mean values of TEC, PCV, Sodium, Potassium and Calcium were decreased while mean values of TLC, Monocytes, MCH, MCHC, Creatinine and ALT were increased. The urine pH of 10 dogs ranged from 5.0-6.5 whereas 3 dogs had pH 8. Mean value of UP:C was found to be significantly increased. Crystaluria (5), struvites (4) and bilirubin crystals (1) were found.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Urinalysis- renal dysfunction – dogs
  topic: keywords
creator: Vaishali Chauhan Vaishali
creator: Ajay Katoch
creator: Ankur Sharma
creator: R.D. Patil
creator: Adarsh Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168114

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome in a Lhasa Apso Dog
type: item
description: Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome is an infrequently described complication of canine diabetes mellitus, differing from diabetic ketoacidosis in certain aspects, including treatment. A nine-year-old Lhasa Apso was presented to the Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital with a history of polyuria and polydipsia for a period of one week, and sudden dullness and inappetence. Clinical examination revealed the presence of hyperglycemia (799 mg/dL). An arterial blood gas analysis revealed a primary respiratory alkalosis, hyponatremia and hypokalemia. The serum creatinine level was elevated. Based on the absence of acidosis and ketonuria, and the eventual development of obtundation, a diagnosis of hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome was made. Chronic kidney disease was diagnosed by ultrasonography. Treatment was done with intravenous infusion of normal saline, soluble insulin as a constant rate infusion and potassium chloride. The animal died after four days of treatment. The prognosis is guarded to poor.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome, diabetes, dog
  topic: keywords
creator: Aishwarya, G
creator: RAMPRABHU R
creator: Jeyaraja, K.
creator: Kavitha, S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168254

Intravenous Lipid Therapy in the Management of Ivermectin Toxicity in a Cat
type: item
description: A 6-month-old female domestic short-haired kitten weighing about 1 kg was presented to Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal with ataxia and lateral recumbency for 10 hours following accidental ingestion of a 10 mg over-the-counter ivermectin tablet. Mydriasis, absence of menace response, sluggish pupillary reflexes, tachycardia and dyspnoea were noticed. Ivermectin toxicity was diagnosed based on history and clinical findings. Treatment involved intravenous administration of lipid with normal saline. Significant clinical improvement was noted within 24 hours and by the third day, the kitten showed complete recovery.
subject: Clinical Article
  topic: section
subject: Ivermectin toxicity
  topic: keywords
subject: kitten
  topic: keywords
subject: lipid emulsion
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohanambal K
creator: Sibhi, P
creator: Sumathi, D., Ravi, R., Sasikala, K. and Ponnu Swamy, K. K.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168242

Incidence of canine parvovirus infection in and around Tirupati
type: item
description: Canine parvovirus (CPV) is the most significant viral cause of acute haemorrhagic enteritis. The objective of the present study is to detect the incidence of canine parvovirus infection in and around Tirupati. A total of 154 faecal samples were collected from the dogs showing clinical signs of vomiting, diarrhoea, anorexia, dehydration and pyrexia. Out of 154 samples, 62 samples were positive for CPV 2 by PCR with an overall prevalence of 40.25 %. Occurrence of CPV infection in relation to age was highest in 0 to 3 months (45.16 %) and least was recorded in dogs above 1 year of age (9.67 %). Breed wise analysis of data indicated highest occurrence in Non-descript dogs (38.70 %). The occurrence of CPV in the present study was more in male dogs (66.12 %) than female dogs (33.87 %). Out of 62 dogs positive for canine parvoviral enteritis, 15 dogs (24.19%) were vaccinated wheras, 47 (75.80%) were non- vaccinated. The results indicate the necessity of implementing control and preventive measures to combat canine parvoviral infection.
subject: Short Communications
  topic: section
subject: Canine parvovirus, incidence, Age, Breed, Sex
  topic: keywords
creator: Aiswarya Mohan
creator: Sudhakar Goud, K
creator: Shobhamani, B
creator: Nagendra Reddy, T
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168080

Electrolyte, blood gas and acid-base imbalance in canine chronic renal disease in dogs
type: item
description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs is a progressive and often irreversible condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste, regulate fluid balance and maintain essential electrolyte levels. Acid-base disturbances are commonly identified in critically ill veterinary patients. So, the present investigation was aimed to study blood gas, acid base and electrolyte alteration in canine chronic kidney disease. Study was conducted on 20 dogs suffering from stage IV chronic kidney disease out of which 10 cases were found to be positive for haemoprotozoan infection through microscopic examination or rapid diagnostic kits. Haematologically mean values of TEC, PCV and Platelets were significantly reduced. Biochemically the mean values of Creatinine, SGPT and SGOT were significantly increased. Mean values of HCO3, pCO2, BE and BB were significantly decreased as compared to healthy dogs on venous blood gas and acid-base analysis. Electrolyte and mineral estimation revealed significant decrease in the values of sodium, chloride, calcium and magnesium whereas phosphorus were increased. The assessment of blood gas, acid-base balance, electrolyte levels and timely presentation of clinical cases played a crucial role in managing canine chronic kidney disease.
subject: Research Article
  topic: section
subject: Chronic kidney disease, Acid-base, Electrolytes
  topic: keywords
creator: Katyayini Sharma
creator: Ajay Katoch
creator: Ankur Sharma
creator: Devina Sharma
creator: Adarsh Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Medicine
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
doi: 10.56093/ijvm.v45i1.168043