Addressing vitamin-A and micronutrient deficiency issues through culture of mola, Amblypharyngodon mola with carps
303 / 28
Authors
-
Suchismita Nayak
-
Kalidoss Radhakrishnan
-
Dhananjay Kumar Verma
-
Krushna Chandra Das
-
Padmanav Routray
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the growth and production performance of mola, Amblypharyngodon mola in monoculture and in polyculture with carps to produce a higher amount of quality fish protein. For this, hatchery bred mola was used for the first time and the experiment was categorized into three treatments viz., T1-monoculture, T2-IMC with 300 nos. of mola, and T3-IMC with 400 nos. of mola in polyculture in duplicate. The IMC fingerlings and mola were fed with commercial floating pellets and powdered feed respectively. The overall production in T1, T2 and T3 were 199 kg ha-1, 266 kg ha-1 (185 kg IMC + 81 kg mola) and 277 kg ha-1 (183 kg IMC + 94 kg mola) respectively. Production of Labeo catla increased with higher stocking densities of mola whereas no remarkable growth differences were noticed for Labeo rohita and mola in carp-mola polyculture. The benefit-cost ratio was found to be highest in carp-mola polyculture than the monoculture of mola, suggesting that carpmola polyculture is economically viable. Here the total biomass production of mola was less compared to rohu in polyculture ponds, however, the estimated contribution of vitamin A (IU/100g) to human diet was manifold i.e. 196 and 240 times more than the carps (that is actually produced). This study is significant in terms of the polyculture of mola with carps and may address the issues of vitamin-A and micronutrient deficiency in the future
Key words Ecosystem, economics, hatchery bred, monoculture, polyculture
References
Akhteruzzaman, M., Kohinoor, A. H. M., Shah, M. S. and Hussain, M. G. 1990. Observation on the induced breeding of Mystus cavasius. Bangladesh J Fish Res., 14:78-82.
Ali, H., Murshed-e-Jahan, K., Belton, B. et al. 2016. Factors determining the productivity of mola carplet (Amblypharyngodon mola, Hamilton, 1822) in carp polyculture systems in Barisal district of Bangladesh. Aquaculture, 465: 198-208.
Alim, M. A., Wahab, M. A., Milstein, A. 2004. Effects of adding different proportions of the small fish punti (Puntius sophore) and mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) to a polyculture of large carp. Aquaculture Research, 35:124-133.
Allen, L., Benoist, B. de, Dary, O. and Hurrell, R. 2006. Guidelines on Food Fortification With Micronutrients. World Health Organization and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. APHA 2005. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association (APHA), Washington, DC, USA.
Azim, M. E., Talukder, G. S., Wahab, M. A. et al (1995) Effects of liming and maintenance of total hardness levels on fish production in fertilized ponds. Progress Agric., 6: 7-14.
Beyer, P., Al-Babili, S., Ye, X. et al. 2002. Golden Rice: Introducing the ß-carotene biosynthesis pathway into rice endosperm by genetic engineering to defeat vitamin a deficiency. J. Nutr., 132:506S-510S.
Black, R. E., Allen, L. H., Bhutta, Z. A. et al. 2008. Maternal and child undernutrition: global and regional exposures and health consequences. Lancet, 371(9608): 243-260.
Black, R. E., Victora, C. G., Walker, S. P. et al. 2013. Maternal and child undernutrition and overweight in low-income and middle-income countries. Lancet, 382(9890): 427- 451.
Bogard, J. R., Hother, A., Saha, M. et al. 2015. Inclusion of small indigenous fish improves nutritional quality during the first 1000 days. Food Nutr. Bull., 36: 276-289.
Chanda, K. M. and Musuka, C. G. 2012. Determination of chlorophyll a and total phosphorus abundance in organic manured fish ponds. AACL Bioflux, 5: 223-230.
Drew, E. A. and Robertson, W. A. A. 1974. A simple field version of the Winkler determination of dissolved oxygen. New phytol., 73: 793-796.
Engle, C. R. 2010. Aquaculture Economics and Financing: Management and Analysis.John Wiley & Sons.
Fiedler, J. L., Lividini, K., Drummond, E. and Thilsted, S. H. 2016. Strengthening the contribution of aquaculture to food and nutrition security: The potential of a vitamin A-rich, small fish in Bangladesh. Aquaculture, 452: 291-303.
Hishamunda, N., Bueno, P. B., Ridler, N. and Yap, W. G. 2009. Analysis of aquaculture development in Southeast Asia: A policy perspective. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Hossain, M. A., Rahmatullah, S. M., Islam, M. S. et al. 1997. Impact of chapila (Gudusia chapra Ham.) on growth of carps in polyculture. Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 1: 19-23.
Humphrey, J. H., West, K. P. and Sommer, A. 1992. Vitamin A deficiency and attributable mortality among under-5- year-olds. Bull. World Health Organ., 70: 225-232.
Jena, J. K., Ayyappan, S. and Aravindakshan, P. K. 2002. Comparative evaluation of production performance in varied cropping patterns of carp polyculture systems. Aquaculture, 207: 49-64.
Kamal, B. M. M. 1996. Development of culture techniques for a novel indigenous species, Puntius sophore for the seasonal water bodies of Bangladesh. MS Thesis, Department of Fisheries Biology and Limnology, Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh.
Kohinoor, A. H. M., Islam, M. L., Wahab, M. A. and Thilsted, S. H. 1998. Effect of mola (Amblypharyngodon mola Ham.) on the growth and production of carps in polyculture. Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 2: 119-126.
Kohinoor, A. H. M., Wahab, M. A., Islam, M. L. and Thilsted, S. H. 2001. Culture potentials of mola (Amblypharyngodon mola ), chela (Chela cachius) and punti (Puntius sophore) under monoculture system. Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 5: 123-134.
Kunda, M., Azim, M. E., Wahab, M. A. et al. 2009. Effects of including catla and tilapia in a freshwater prawn-mola polyculture in a rotational rice-fish culture systems. Aquac. Res., 40: 1089-1098.
Lalit, K., Sharma, B. K., Sharma, S. K., Upadhyay, B. and Mishra, V. 2015. Food and feeding habits of Catla catla (Hamilton) from lake Udai sagar, Udaipur. International Journal of Fauna and Biological studies, 2 (5): 06-08.
Mohanty, B. and Karunakaran, D. 2019. Nutrient profiling and evaluaiton of fish as as dietary component.ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore.
Mohanty, B. P., Pati, M. K., Bhattacharjee, S. et al. 2013. Small indigenous fishes and their importance in human health. Advances in Fish Research, 5: 257-278.
Mohanty, B. P., Sankar, T. V., Ganguly, S. et al 2016. Micronutrient composition of 35 food fishes from India and their significance in human nutrition. Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 174: 448-458.
Paul, B. N., Chanda, S., Sridhar, N. et al. 2016. Proximate, Mineral and Vitamin Contents of Indian Major Carp. Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 33: 102.
Rahman, M. M., Verdegem, M. C. J., Nagelkerke, L. A. J. et al. 2006. Growth, production and food preference of rohu Labeo rohita (H.) in monoculture and in polyculture with common carp Cyprinus carpio (L.) under fed and non-fed ponds. Aquaculture, 257: 359-372.
Rahmatullah, S. M. S. A. and Hossain, M. A. 1998. Studies on the production of small fishes mola, Amblyphmyngodon mola and chapila,Gudusia chapra. Bangladesh J. Agric. Sci., 25: 267-271.
Rai, S., Thilsted, S. H., Shrestha, M. K. et al. 2014. Polyculture with Carp, Nutrient-rich Small Fish and Prawn. World Aquac., 45: 46-50.
Ramakrishna, R., Shipton, T. A. and Hasan, M. R. 2013. Feeding and feed management of Indian major carps in Andhra Pradesh , India. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy.
Roos, N., Isalam, M., Thilsted, S. et al. 1999. Culture mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) in polyculture with carps - experience from a field trial in Bangladesh. Iclarm NAGA, 22 (2): 16-19.
Roos, N., Wahab, M. A., Chamnan, C., Thilsted, S. H. 2007. The role of fish in food-based strategies to combat vitamin A and mineral deficiencies in developing countries. J. Nutr., 137(4): 1106-1109.
Roy, N. C., Wahab, M. A., Khatoon, H. and Thilsted, S. H. 2003. Economics of Carp-SIS polyculture in rural farmer's pond. Pakistan J. Biol. Sci., 6: 61-64.
Roy, N. C., Wahab, M. A., Ray, P. C. and Thilsted, S. H. 2015. Optimization of Stocking Density of Mola (Amblypharyngodon mola) in Carp Polyculture under Low Cost Management for Rural Bangladesh. World J.Fish. Mar. Sci., 7: 221-227.
Sahu, P. K., Jena, J. and Das, P. C. 2007. Nursery rearing of kalbasu, Labeo calbasu (Hamilton), at different stocking densities in outdoor concrete tanks. Aquac. Res., 38: 188-192.
Shaker, I. M., Ibrahim, N., Dawa, M. and Zakar, A. 2002. Effect of stocking density on water quality and mullet growth in earthen pond at Sahl El-Teena-Senai-Eygpt. In: 6th Vet. Med. Ziagazig.
Suresh, V. R., Biswas, B. K., Vinci, G. K., Mitra, K. and Mukherjee,
A. 2007. Biology of Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton) from a floodplain wetland, West Bengal. Indian J. Fish., 54 (2): 155-161.
Thilsted, S. H., James, D., Toppe, J. et al. 2014. Maximizing the contribution of fish to human nutrition. ICN2 Second Int Confrence Nutr better Nutr better lives 16.
Thilsted, S. H., Roos, N. and Hassan, N. 1997. The role of small
indigenous fish species in food and nutrition security in Bangladesh. Naga, ICLARM, Q20(3/4): 82-84.
Tulchinsky, H. T. 2010. Micronutrient Deficiency Conditions: Global Health Issues. Public Health Rev., 32:243-255.
Tulchinsky, T. H. 2015. The key role of government in addressing the pandemic of micronutrient deficiency conditions in Southeast Asia. Nutrients, 7(4): 2518-2523.
Wahab, M. A., Ahmed, Z. F., Islam, M. A. et al. 1995. Effects of introduction of common carp, Cyprinus carpio (L.), on the pond ecology and growth of fish in polyculture. Aquac. Res., 26:619-628.
Wahab, M. A., Kadir, A., Milstein, A. and Kunda, M. 2011. Manipulation of species combination for enhancing fish production in polyculture systems involving major carps and small indigenous fish species. Aquaculture, 321:289-297.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
In case of publication of the article in the journal, author(s) are required to assign copyright to the Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India for its publication in any form/language including all media (print and electronic, or presently unknown), and exclusive right to use the matter for the life of the work (no time restriction on re use of matter).