The ‘Nibble fish’, Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843), as a potential candidate species for ecotourism in North-East India
639 / 26
Authors
-
Bikash Shil
-
Biswajit Lahiri
-
Amitava Ghosh
-
Kizhakke Veettil Radhakrishnan
-
Pramod Kumar Pandey
Abstract
The farming sector in India has been passing through a structural metamorphosis and confronting obvious challenges of drastic reduction in the number of farmers (7.1%), and an increase in numbers of wage earners (3.5%) over a decade from 2001 to 2011 (Census of India, 2011; Sood, 2015). There will be an inevitable impact on farm production in the country shortly if this trend continues. Probably, the most pragmatic solution to this crisis is to make the farm business a profitable and economic venture and to attract farmers and rural youth to farming and farm business for a sustainable agrarian economyReferences
References
Baruah, D., Sarma, D., Sarma, D. and Tandel, R. S. 2019. Fish
based eco-tourism as an avenue for supporting
livelihood to scheduled caste population in northeast
India. In: Technical Pamphlet, ICAR-Directorate of
Coldwater Fisheries Research (Indian Council of
Agricultural Research), Bhimtal, Uttarakhand.
Available at- https://dcfr.res.in/download/
FISH%20BASED%20ECO-TOURISM.pdf. Accessed 25
October 2020.
Bhattacharjya, B. K., Choudhury, M. and Sugunan, V. V. 2003.
Ichthyofaunistic resources of Assam with a note on their
sustainable utilization, pp 1-14. In: Participatory
approach for Fish Biodiversity Conservation in North
East India (Ed. P. C. Mahanta & L.K. Tyagi),
Workshop Proc. NBFGR, Lucknow. India.
Bhattacharya, P. 2008. Tourism development in Northeast
India: Changing recreational demand, developmental
challenges and issues associated with sustainability.
European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, 32(1),
-161. Available at- http://
himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/ebhr/
pdf/EBHR_32_07.pdf. Accessed 7 July 2020.
Bhattacharya, S. 2015. Doctor fish Garra rufa: Health and risk.
Journal of Fisheries Sciences.com, 10(1): 1-3.
Census of India 2011. Office of the Registrar General & Census
Commissioner, India. Available at- https://
censusindia.gov.in/. Accessed on 20 June 2020.
Choudhury, K., Dutta, P. and Patgiri, S. 2019. Rural tourism of
North East India?: Prospects and challenges. IOSR
Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 23(2):
-74 DOI: 10.9790/0837-2302046974.
Dey, S. C. 1989. Ornamental fish resources of NE India. In:
Workshop Ornt. Fish Export Trade, Guwahati, June
-30.
DoF-GOI, 2020. Handbook of Fisheries Statistics, 2020,
Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal
Husbandry & Dairying, Government of India, New Delhi.
Available at http://dof.gov.in/sites/default/files/2021-02/
Final_Book.pdf. Accessed on 21st July'2020.
Goswami, U. C, Basistha, S. K., Bora, D., Shyamkumar, K.,
Saikia, B. and Changsan, K. 2012. Fish diversity of
North East India, inclusive of the Himalayan and Indo
Burma biodiversity hotspots zones: A checklist on their
taxonomic status, economic importance, geographical
distribution, present status and prevailing threats.
International Journal of Biodiversity and
Conservation, 4(15): 592-613. DOI: 10.5897/
IJBC11.228.
ICAR 2016. National Interactive Meet at Jasingfaa Ecotourism
Centre, Nagaon, Assam. Available at http://iacr.org.in/
node/4524. Accessed 21 July 2020.
Jarvis, P. L. 2011. Biological synopsis of Garra rufa. Canadian
Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.
:vi + 14p. Available at- https://waves-vagues.
dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/343473.pdf. Accessed 23 June
Khan, F. 2019. Journey into the North-East: Eight
north- eastern states are endowed with beauty of
nature. Financial Express. Available at https://
www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/travel-tourism/
journey-into-the-north-east-eight-north-eastern-statesare-endowed-with-beauty-of-nature/1575729/. Accessed
July 2020.
Khomdram, B., Dhar, B. and Ghosh, S. K. 2014. Jiribam, the
Ornamental Fishes' Hot Spot Zone of Manipur, India.
Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science, 7(1):
-91. DOI:10.9790/2380-07148591.
Lahiri, B., Ghosh, A., Biswas, P., Mandal, S. C., Anurag, T. S. and
Pandey, P. K. 2019. Development and Deployment of
Mobile-based Fishery Advisory System in the North
Eastern States of Tripura: Possibilities and Scope.
Indian Journal of Extension Education, 55 (3):
-163.
Nabeshwar, K. Vishwanath, W. and Das, D.N. 2009. Garra arupi,
a new cyprinid fish species (Cypriniformes:
Cyprinidae) from upper Brahmaputra basin in Arunachal
Pradesh, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 1(4):
-202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.11609/
JoTT.o1842.197-202.
NITI Aayog 2018. Contributing to Sustainable Development in
Indian Himalayan Region. In: Report of Working Group
II- Sustainable Tourism in the Indian Himalayan
Region. Govt. of India, New Delhi. Available at https://
niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/document_publication/
Doc2.pdf. Accessed on 9 July 2020.
Özdilek, Y. S. and Ekmekçi, F. G. 2006. Preliminary data on the
diet of Garra rufa (Cyprinidae) in the Asi basin (Orontes),
Turkey. Cybium, 30: 177-186.
Okur, E. and Özdilek, Y. S. 2008. Preliminary study of fish
community structure in Amanos Mountain streams
(Hatay-Turkey). Biologia, 63(3):427-438. DOI:
2478/s11756-008-0058-3.
Parthasarathy, B., Munot, A. A. and Kothawale, D. R. 1995.
Monthly and seasonal rainfall series for all-India
homogeneous regions and meteorological subdivisions
of Inida for period 1871-1984. Research Report No.
RR-065, Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology,
Pune, India.
Raja, K., Anand, P., Padmavathy, S. and Sampathkumar, J. S.
Present and future market trends of Indian
ornamental fish sector. International Journal of
Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 7(2): 6-15.
Roy, A., Singh, N. U., Dkhar, D. S., Mohanty, S. B., Singh, S. B.
and Tripathy, A. K. 2015. Food security in North-East
Region of India- A state-wise analysis. Agricultural
Economics Research Review, 28: 259-266.
DOI: 10.5958/0974-0279.2015.00041.5.
Sen, N. 2000. Occurrence, distribution and status of diversified
fish fauna of northeast India. p. 31-48. In: A.G. Ponniah
and U.K. Sarkar (eds.) Fish Biodiversity of North East
India. NBFGR. NATP Publ., 2, 228p.
Singh, A. K., Pandey, N. N. and Ali, S. 2014. Fishery based
eco-tourism: Scope and potential. Uttar Pradesh State
Biodiversity Board. Available at- http://www.upsbdb.org/
pdf/Souvenir2014/ch-25.pdf. Accessed 7 July 2020.
Sood, J. 2015. Farmers have decreased, farm labourers increased:
census report. IOP Publishing Down To Earth.
Available at- https://www.downtoearth.org.in › news ›
Potential of Garra rufa in NE India
I F SI
farmers-shrink-labourers-swell-4. Accessed 20 Nov
Tamang, L. 2013. Garra magnidiscus, a new species of cyprinid
fish (teleostei: Cypriniformes) from Arunachal Pradesh,
northeastern India. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters,
(1): 31-40.
Teimori A, Esmaeili, H. R. and Ansari, T. H. 2011.
Micro-structure consideration of the adhesive organ in
doctor fish, Garra rufa (Teleostei; Cyprinidae) from
the Persian Gulf Basin. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and
Aquatic Science, 11: 407-411. DOI: 10.4194/1303-
-v11_3_10.
Yadav, Y.S. and Chandra, R. 1994. Some threatened carps and
catfishes of Brahmaputra river system, P 45-55. In:
P.V. Dehadrai, P. Das and S.R. Verma (eds). Threatened
fish of India, Nature conservators, Muzaffarnagar, pp.
-93
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
In case of publication of the article in the journal, author(s) are required to assign copyright to the Journal of the Inland Fisheries Society of India for its publication in any form/language including all media (print and electronic, or presently unknown), and exclusive right to use the matter for the life of the work (no time restriction on re use of matter).