ASSESSING THE PRESENT STATUS AND LONG-TERM VIABILITY OF LATES CALCARIFER IN THE SOUTHWESTERN COASTAL AREA OF BANGLADESH

Abstract

This study assesses the sustainability of Lates calcarifer (Asian seabass) populations in the southwestern coastal districts of Khulna, Bagerhat, and Satkhira in Bangladesh. By merging 30 years of wild capture data (1994-2023), aquaculture production records from 2024, water quality measurements, catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) observations, and ecological risk indicators, the study provides a comprehensive evaluation of species changes. While cultured production has significantly increased, wild stocks have decreased by almost 60% (ANOVA, p<0.05). Significant challenges still exist despite the growth of aquaculture, such as poor seed quality, disease outbreaks, and seasonal environmental instability. Anthropogenic pollution, salinity variations (3-20 ppt), and low dissolved oxygen levels (<4 mg l^-1) are the main stressors. The report also points out deficiencies in regulations pertaining to habitat preservation, juvenile stock management, and hatchery infrastructure. Recommendations include improving broodstock genetics, increasing water quality monitoring, extending farmer training programs, and adopting integrated coastal resource management. These strategies are critical to ensuring balanced conservation and aquaculture expansion in support of Blue Economy goals in Bangladesh.