Evaluating the climate resilience and yield stability of Brassica genotypes in temperate conditions : A multi-year performance study

Abstract

 This study compares Brassica napus genotypes (KGS) with the check variety SHALIMAR GOBI SARSON 1 and
 Brassica rapa genotypes (KBS) with the check variety SS2 in order to assess the genotypic performance and stability
 of seed yield (SY) of 35 genotypes during a seven-year period (2018–2024) in the Kashmir Valley. The performance
 variability of the genotypes showed significant genotypic and environmental influences as well as genotype-by
environment (G × E) interactions. KGS53 was consistently the most stable and highest-yielding of the Brassica napus
 genotypes, followed by KGS52. Over time, KGS53 showed a low coefficient of variation (CV), demonstrating exceptional
 resilience and adaptation to changing environmental conditions. Comparable yield stability was demonstrated by KBS
 genotypes, especially KBS-63, which outperformed the SS2 check. KBS-63 maintained moderate yields and low CV,
 indicating its potential for a variety of agro-climatic conditions. The Brassica napus check, SHALIMAR GOBI SARSON
 1, in contrast, showed poor adaptability to shifting environmental circumstances, as seen by its high variability and
 inconsistent performance. Additionally, the Brassica rapa check SS2 showed reduced yields and a high CV, which made
 it less dependable over time. The significance of choosing stable genotypes for climate resilience was highlighted by the
 ANOVA results, which showed significant genotype, environment, and genotype-by-environment interactions (P <
 0.001). According to the results, breeding initiatives targeting the Kashmir Valley’s yield stability and climatic resistance
 should give priority to KGS53 (Brassica napus) and KBS-63 (Brassica rapa). In order to evaluate genotype performance
 in various environmental circumstances and ensure sustainable agricultural practices in the face of climate change,
 multi-environment trials are necessary.