Assessment of genetic variability and resistance against stem and root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in segregating generations of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC VARIABILITY AND RESISTANCE AGAINST STEM AND ROOT ROT OF SESAME
80 / 1
Authors
-
M JAYARAMACHANDRAN
Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vaigai dam-625 562, Tamil Nadu
-
V RAVICHANDRAN
Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vaigai dam-625 562, Tamil Nadu
-
R VAITHIYALINGAN
Agricultural Research Station, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Vaigai dam-625 562, Tamil Nadu
Keywords:
Genetic variability parameters, Sesame, Stem and root rot resistanceAbstract
An investigation was carried out to assess the genetic variability and disease resistance against stem and root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina in sesame. Segregating generations of ten cross combinations involving the sesame varieties viz., VRI 1, TMV 3, TMV 4, TMV 6 as female parents and ORM 7, ORM 14, ORM 17 as male parents were used. The genetic variability parameters viz., GCV (%), PCV (%), heritability (h2) and Genetic Advance (GA) were estimated in F2 generation for the traits plant height, number of primary branches/plant, number of capsules/plant, number of leaves/plant, capsule leaf ratio and single plant yield. High GCV(%) and PCV (%) were recorded for the traits number of primary branches/panicle, number of capsules/plant and number of leaves/plant in F2s of all the ten cross combinations revealed the presence of enough genetic variability for these traits. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance were recorded for the traits viz., plant height, number of primary branches/plant, number of capsules/plant, number of leaves/plant and single plant yield unveiled that these traits are governed by additive gene action. Hence, hybridization followed by simple recurrent selection based on the progeny testing could be useful for improving these traits. Disease reaction studies of F3 generation in sick plot concluded that three crosses viz., Cross IV (TMV 3 X ORM 7), Cross VII (TMV 4 X ORM 7) and Cross X (TMV 6 X ORM 7) are moderately resistant for stem and root rot disease and Cross IV (TMV 3 X ORM 7) recorded highest mean single plant yield of 15.6 g/plant. Hence, Cross IV (TMV 3 X ORM 7) may be utilised for improving the yield and root rot resistance in sesame.
Downloads
References
Abawi G S and Corrales P 1989. Charcoal rot screening procedure and virulence of Macrophomina phaseolina isolates on dry edible bean. Turrialba, 39: 200-207.
Abdul Sattar M H, A M Salem and Bayounes A A 2006. Physical and biological control of charcoal root rot in sesame caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Arabian Journal of Plant Protection, 24: 37-40.
Bedawy I M A and Mohamed N E 2018. Phenotypic and genotypic variability in some sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy, 40(3): 193-205.
Bharathi D, Thirumal Rao V, Chandra Mohan Y, Badhru D and Venkanna V 2014. Genetic variability studies in sesame (Sesasmum indicum L.). International Journal of Applied Biology and Pharmaceutical Technology, 5: 31-33.
Gangadhara K, Chandra P, Bharamaraj B, Shadakshari T V, Yathish K R and Rajesh A M 2012. Genetic divergence, genetic advance and heritability in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Bioinfolet, 9(4): 457-462.
Jayaramachandran M, Saravanan S, Motilal A, Prabhu P C, Juliet Hepziba S, Himanshi Swain and Manikanda Boopathi N 2020. Genetic improvement of a neglected and underutilised oilseed crop: sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) through mutation breeding. Nucleus, 63: 293-302.
Mahdy E E, Bakheit B R, Motawea M M and .Bedawy I M A 2005. Pedigree selection for resistance to Sclerotium bataticola in three sesame populations. Assuit Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 63(1): 57-72.
Maiti S, Hegde M R and Chattopadhtyay S B 1988. Handbook of Annual Oilseed Crops. Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. Pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
Meena B, Indiragandhi P and Ushakumari R 2018. Screening of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm against major disease. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SPI: 1466-1468.
Narayanan R and Murugan S 2013. Studies on variability and heritability in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). International Journal of Current Agriculture Research, 2(11): 52-55.
Parameshwarappa S G, Palakshappa M G, Salimath P M and Parameshwarappa K G 2009. Evaluation and characterization of germplasm accessions of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 22(5): 1084-1086. Pereira J, Gutierrez S and Subero L J 1996. Behaviour of 15 genotypes of Sesamum indicum L. against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. Annales de Botanica Agricola, 3: 33-37.
Shabana R, Abd EI-Mohsen A A, Khalifa M M A and Saber A A 2014. Quantification of resistance of F6 sesame elite lines against charcoal rot and Fusarium wilt diseases. Advances in Agricultural Biology, 1(3): 144-150.
Thirumalrao V, Bharathi D, Chandramohan Y, Venkanna V and Bhadru D 2013. Genetic variability and association analysis in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Crop Research, 46 (1,2&3): 122-125.
Thiyagu K, Kandasamy G, Manivannan N, Muralidharan V and Manoranjitham S K 2007. Identification of resistant genotypes to root rot disease (Macrophomina phaseolina) of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Agricultural Science Digest, 27(1): 34-37.
