Dynamics of oilseeds production and future potentials in Karnataka

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the trends in the changing patterns of crops and the status of oilseed cultivation in Karnataka over the past two decades. Secondary data from the Department of Economics and Statistics (DES) was collected for the period 2001-02 to 2020-21. The data was further divided into two study periods, i.e., Period I (2001-02 to 2010-11) and Period II(2011-12 to 2020-21). The data was analysed using Compound Annual Growth Rates (CAGR), Cuddy Della Valle Index (CDVI) and Markov Chain analysis. The results on growth rates for oilseeds indicated fluctuations with varying trends for area, production and productivity. Instability indices showcased the variability in area, production and productivity. Transitional probability matrices revealed crop retention and area shifts between crops. Additionally, cropwise analysis of major oilseeds such as groundnut, soybean, sunflower and others highlighted specific trends and challenges for each crop. All oilseeds together in Period I registered a marginal decline in cultivation area (-0.91%), while production (1.43%) and yield (2.36%) grew positively. Although the cultivation area declined significantly (-3.82%), production maintained its positive growth (0.93%), with increased crop productivity (4.94%) significantly in Period II. Individual crop analysis revealed varied trends; for instance, groundnut saw stable production with a notable increase in yield (2.10%). District-wise categorization based on Relative Spread Index (RSI) and Relative Yield Index (RYI) for various oilseed crops highlighted efficiency disparities thus necessitates targeted interventions for enhanced productivity. These findings underscore the need for strategic measures to bring sustainability and to develop a strong oilseed economy in the state.