Effect of organic nitrogen management options on productivity and profitability of kharif sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under guava (Psidium guajava L.) based agri-horti system
N MANAGEMENT ON SUNFLOWER UNDER GUAVA AGRI-HORTI SYSTEM
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Authors
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SURBHI KUMAR
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh
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R N MEENA
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh
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LAKEY RADHA
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh
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P HALESHA
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh
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Y V SINGH
Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, Uttar Pradesh
Keywords:
Agri-horti system, Green leaf manure, Nutrient uptake, Organic manure, SunflowerAbstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of different organic nitrogen management strategies on the yield and quality of sunflower grown under a guava-based agricultural and horticultural system. The experimental soil's texture was sandy loam, consisting of 48.26% sand, 36.54% silt, and 12.21% clay, with organic carbon at 0.36%, a pH of 6.3, available nitrogen at 221.87 kg/ha, available phosphorus at 20.36 kg/ha, and available potassium at 265.42 kg/ha. The experiment was organised in a randomised block design with 13 treatments that comprised different organic manures, green leaf manures, and their blends. The organic manures used were farmyard manure at 10 t/ha, vermicompost at 10 t/ha, and poultry manure at 8 t/ha. Green leaf manures consisted of Sesbania aculeata (Dhaincha), Glyricidia sepium (Glyricidia), and Pongamia pinnata (Karanj). The data showed that growth, yield, and quality characteristics of sunflowers were all significantly affected by the different organic nitrogen management methods used. Among the treatments, the application of 50% RDN through poultry manure + 50% RDN through Glyricidia (T12) proved superior, recording maximum plant height (114.36 cm), number of leaves (16.15), leaf area index (2.57), stem girth (9.92 cm), head diameter (15.45 cm), dry matter production (1329.25 kg/ha), number of seeds. head (386.67), seed weight/head (16.41 g), dry head weight (916.99 kg/ha), 1000-seed weight (42.40 g), seed yield (1230.75 kg/ha), stalk yield (1302.99 kg/ha), biological yield (3788.40 kg/ha), oil yield (475.32 kg/ha), protein yield (227.95 kg/ha), and nutrient uptake (N: 39.74 kg/ha, P: 13.51 kg/ha, K: 58.56 kg/ha). It was concluded that the integrated application of 50% RDN through poultry manure and 50% RDN through Glyricidia was the most effective in improving growth, yield, quality attributes, nutrient uptake, and overall soil nutrient status of sunflower under the guava-based agri-horti system.
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