Potato Journal; formerly (till year 2003) known as “Journal of the Indian Potato Association”, is official journal of the Indian Potato Association (IPA).The IPA was established in 1974 and registered under the “Indian Societies Registration Act XXI” of 1860 (registration No. 206/74; dated 15th June 1974). The journal covers all areas of potato research including Genetics, Breeding, Biotechnology, Agronomy, Soil Science, Seed Technology, Plant Pathology, Entomology, Storage, Physiology, Biochemistry, Post Harvest Technology, Agricultural Economics, Marketing, Statistics, Extension and Farm Machinery. The journal is published in two issues to form one volume per year. Information for authors can be found at the end of each issue. Acknowledgments to reviewers are published in the December issue. The IPA was founded with the objectives to advance the cause of potato research and development. Besides publishing Potato Journal (Formerly Journal of Indian Potato Association), the IPA also holds conferences, symposia and workshops to provide opportunities for personal contacts among potato workers to promote and exchange scientific and other information and to develop means of interaction among potato researchers, industry, farmers and consumers. EDITORIAL BOARD Subscription Information for Print Version Potato Journal publishes reviews, full length papers, short notes and book reviews on basic and applied research on potato. Potato Journal does not charge any Article Processing Charges (APCs). The authors should be members of the IPA (foreign authors are exempted). Instruction related to acquiring IPA membership is provided under “Subscription Information” Section.
The copyright of the articles published in Potato Journal is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF POTATO FARMERS’EARNINGS IN CONTRACT FARMING AND OPEN MARKET OPERATION
Contract farming has gained attention as a market mechanism to stabilize farm incomes and reduce risks, yet its effectiveness remains debated. This study examines the economic differences between contract and open-market potato farmers in Punjab, focusing on profitability, yield, and market dynamics. Using primary data collected over two years, the analysis applies Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and Difference-in-Differences (DID) to assess financial outcomes. The findings indicate that while contract farming offers stability and input support, open-market sales may provide higher price flexibility. Policy recommendations emphasize the need for balanced contract terms, better price transparency, and institutional support to enhance farmers’ economic benefits.
Contract farming, Farmers’ earnings, Market price, Open-market sales, Sustainable agriculture
Copyright (c) 2026 Potato Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
KUFRI JAMUNIA: A PURPLE FLESHED BIOFORTIFIED POTATO VARIETY
Kufri Jamunia, is a table purpose purple fleshed main season potato variety recommended for cultivation in North Indian plains (Northern, Central and Eastern Plains). It is a clonal selection developed from the cross between MS/8-1148 √ CP4242. Its plants are medium tall with medium maturity and produce dark purple oblong tubers with shallow eyes, purple flesh and mealy texture. The variety is capable of producing a total tuber yield of 32-35 t/ha. Kufri Jamunia possesses medium dormancy of 6-8 weeks with very good keeping quality and moderate tuber dry matter of 17-19%. It is moderately resistant to late blight under laboratory conditions; however, it was found susceptible in field conditions. Owing to its purple colour and good organoleptic taste, the variety will attract growers, traders and consumers, adding novelty in the preparation of various dishes.
Kufri Jamunia, purple skin, purple flesh, antioxidant, high yield, keeping quality, North Indian plains.
CHARACTERIZATION OF POTATO GERMPLASM FOR RESISTANCE TO GLOBODERA PALLIDA AND GLOBODERA ROSTOCHIENSIS: A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE POTATO PRODUCTION
This study evaluates the resistance of 406 potato accessions across different years to potato cyst nematodes (PCNs), Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis, a major pest that significantly reduce potato yields. The screening was conducted using a root ball technique in controlled glasshouse conditions over four years (2020-2024) at the ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI) in Kufri, India. The results revealed a wide range of resistance among the accessions. Notably, accessions such as CP2418, CP1736, CP3641, and JEX/A-15 exhibited high levels of resistance to both PCN species, which showed either immunity or minimal cyst formation. Additionally, accessions such as CP1687 and CP3222 demonstrated moderate resistance. All these highly resistant accessions are potential candidates in breeding for resistance to potato cyst nematode in India. Since major Indian potato varieties used in the current study are susceptible to one or the other species of PCN, the study highlights the importance of continuous screening and the strategic use of resistant germplasm to develop new potato varieties with broad-spectrum resistance, which is crucial for sustainable potato production.
ANALYSIS OF CONTRACT FARMING AND ITS IMPLICATION ON PROFITABILITY; EVIDENCE FROM POTATO FARMERS IN PUNJAB, INDIA
Contract farming has become an essential institution for modern value chains but with controversies. Hence, the present study sought to understand whether contract farming is a boon or a bane for farmers. To unravel this, 120 farmers were sampled from the Moga district of Punjab state, India. The data was subjected to inferential analysis, profitability analysis, and qualitative discussion. It was found that areas under potato cultivation, potato farming experience, and having a secondary school education positively affect farmers’ decision to participate in contract farming. The profitability estimates revealed that potato cultivation under no contract is more profitable than cultivation under a contract. Likewise, the impact assessment revealed that contract farming negatively affects farmer’s gross returns. The qualitative discussion revealed myriad terms and conditions followed by the potato farmers under contract, including pre-price fixation, written contract, farm size requirement, quality and quantity requirement, input supply, no credit, farm visits, and cheque payment. Therefore, compensation in the event of crop failures, the provision of crop insurance, credit facilities, and advance payments needs immediate attention from policymakers.
Copyright (c) 2025 Potato Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
AN ECONOMICS OF POTATO PRODUCTION IN KANGRA DISTRICT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
In Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh is renowned for its disease-free quality seed potato production, an economic study of 200 growers grouped into small (105) and large (95) farms revealed an overall cost of cultivation at Rs. 94,667 per farm and Rs. 3,08,051 per ha in 2022-23. Among all inputs, potato seed accounted for 29% per hectare, while human labor constituted 27% of costs. The total variable cost was 89%, with fixed costs at 11% per ha. Gross income averaged Rs. 4,67,705 per ha. Efficiency analysis across farm categories showed the cost of potato production at Rs. 250 per quintal (q). Large farms exhibited a slightly higher output-input ratio (1.52) compared to small farms. Production costs ranged from Rs. 1,195 to Rs. 1,270 per q for large and small farms, respectively, with variable costs higher on small farms (Rs. 1,117) than on large ones (Rs. 1,074) per q. The reported benefit-cost ratio stood at 1.88, indicating favorable returns. Potato prices ranged from Rs. 1,860 to Rs. 1,880 per q, with larger farms realizing higher prices. Break-even analysis suggested the need for small, large, and overall farm categories to achieve at least 50.72, 38.02, and 44.14 q of potatoes, respectively, to maintain a no-profit, no-loss condition. The analysis underscores potential profit increase by optimizing human labor, manure, and fertilizer use.
CACP cost concepts, Cost-benefit analysis, cost concepts, economic analysis, net returns
Copyright (c) 2024 Potato Journal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
EVALUATION OF TRANSLAMINAR FUNGICIDESAND THEIR TANK MIXED APPLICATION WITH ECONOMICS FOR MANAGEMENT OF LATE BLIGHT OF POTATO (PHYTOPHTHORA INFESTANS) IN SUBTROPICAL PLAINS OF INDIA
Late blight, incited by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary is the major disease of potato under the class of foliar diseases. Chemical methods are being used for the effective management of late blight. However, this pathogen is more vulnerable against specific mode of chemicals (systemic fungicides), which may develop resistant. The field efficacy of translaminar fungicides and their tank mixed application with economics were evaluated in two different experiments for managing late blight of potato during three consecutive years. In first experiment it was observed that dimethomorph 50%WP @ 0.2% showed least average terminal disease severity (14.54%) with highest disease controlled (84.15%) followed by ametoctradin 27% + dimethomorph 20.27% SC @ 0.2% and cymoxanil 8 + mancozeb 64%WP @ 0.3%. In second experiment, under the tank-mixed application dimethmorph 50%WP @ 0.1% + mancozeb 75%WP @ 0.2% showed less average terminal disease severity (22.67%) with highest disease controlled (75.97%) along with highest tuber yield (40.70 t/ha) and highest B:C ratio (2.16) followed dimethmorph 50%WP @ 0.1% + chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 0.2%, which was statistically significant. These treatments are also least affected by environmental factors like rainfall. These new fungicides and their tank-mixed sprays were found effective for managing the disease and moreover these tank-mixed sprays can be used to avoid development of resistance against pathogen.
Potato, Late blight, Fungicides, Spraying, Management
RICE HUSK ASH (RHA) - A POTENTIAL SOURCE FOR IMPROVING PHOSPHORUS NUTRITION IN POTATO (S. tuberosum L.)
Use of alternative sources of nutrients such organic manures, residues and by-products to chemical fertilizers may enhance not only the yield but cut down the fertilizers use. Therefore, present investigation was carried out to explore the possibility of using rice husk ash (RHA) as a source of phosphorus in potato crop. Two pot experiments were conducted on Kufri Jyoti and Kufri Girdhari to determine the effect of rice husk ash on phosphorus nutrition of the crop during 2020-21. Application of rice husk ash (RHA) significantly increased the plant height, haulms (leaf plus stem) biomass, root weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and P content. In Kufri Jyoti, application of 20g RHA per pot significantly increased haulms biomass, tuber yield, relative leaf chlorophyll content and P content in haulms by 17.8 per cent over control. In Kufri Girdhari, application of 40g RHA/ pot also increased the P content by (14.6 %) in haulms over control besides significant increase in haulm yield, root mass and relative leaf chlorophyll content. It was observed that subjecting the crop to moisture stress by withholding the irrigation towards harvest, senescence was delayed in plants fertilized with rice husk ash. RHA application showed a significant and positive correlation with root length and tuber yield (r=0.70). The results of the present study revealed that RHA can be used as a source of phosphorus for potato crop and has potential to improve water relations and nitrogen nutrition as indicated by improved relative leaf chlorophyll content in plants fertilized with RHA.
Potato, phosphorus, macro-nutrient, tuber yield and rice husk ash
SELECTION OF POTENTIAL CHIPPING ADVANCED POTATO CLONES FOR THE PROCESSING INDUSTRY IN SOUTHERN AND EASTERN INDIA
A multi-location evaluation of 60 advanced processing clones was undertaken in the selected locations of south viz., Karnataka (Rabi and Kharif), Tamil Nadu (Kharif), Telangana (Rabi) and in Rabi crop season of West Bengal. Based on four-year trials, among advanced clones, viz., MP/12-126 consistently outperformed others during 2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-23 in the Rabi season at different locations in Karnataka. However, MP/12-126 had almost similar yield but acceptable quality parameters as compared to controls in the Kharif seasons of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. MP/14-171 was found to have higher yield and acceptable quality traits during 2020-21, 2021-22 in the rabi season of Karnataka and Kharif season of Tamil Nadu during 2023. During the rabi season of West Bengal (2020-21, 2022-23) and the rabi season of Karnataka (2022-23) advanced clone MP/15-698 had superior performance. MP/15-651 was found to be the most widely adapted clone as it has superior performance in all states either in Rabi/Kharif or both. Based on a four-year field trial at multiple locations (6 locations) and seasons (rabi and kharif), advanced clones namely MP/12-126, MP/14-171, MP/15-651 and MP/15-698 have the potential to provide a suitable alternative to the potato growers of south and eastern India as against the existing variety/varieties with acceptable chip colour, high dry matter (>20%) and lesser total potato defects including higher process grade potato yield as compared to controls.
Potato, advanced clones, chipping, processing, Southern India, Eastern India
GROUNDWATER QUALITY INFLUENCING THE POTATO TUBER YIELD IN DOABA REGION OF PUNJAB, INDIA
Groundwater as a source of irrigation is extensively practiced in the Doaba region of Punjab, alongside high inputs such as chemical fertilizers and pesticides. These inputs pose dual threats to the deterioration and deepening of groundwater. Therefore, a survey-based investigation was conducted in the region, involving the collection of groundwater samples, their physico-chemical analysis, and the assessment of harvested potato tuber yields. The data analysis revealed that farmers are extracting groundwater from borewells at a depth of 254.0 feet on average, with a delivery depth of 145.67 feet. The analytical results indicated that all the collected groundwater samples were suitable for irrigation purposes. Furthermore, there was a significantly positive correlation between tuber yield and nitrate content of groundwater. Thus, it is crucial to consider the contribution of nitrate from groundwater when recommending nitrogen usage.
Groundwater, Nitrate, Physico-chemical, Potato and Tuber yield
SCREENING OF POTENTIAL INDIAN POTATO VARIETIES FOR EXPORT PROMOTION FROM WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH AND GUJARAT
Indian potato production potential (54 million tonnes) strengthens the cause of export of this crop from the country. Government of India has identified districts of Agra and Farrukhabad in Uttar Pradesh, and Sabarkantha and Banaskantha in Gujarat for potato export promotion in the Agri- export policy-2018. However, issues like suitable varieties, sustainable production and protection technologies, and efficient marketing channel are challenges for acceleration of potato export in a significant way. One of the critical gaps, suitable export potential varieties was taken up in current study. Eight potato varieties were evaluated in replicated field trials at farmer’s fields in district Agra and Gandhinagar. Based upon yield performance and feedback from exporters, potato varieties Kufri (K) Frysona (35.3), K Ganga (31.8), K Chipsona-3 (28.2), K Sangam (28.0) and K Bahar (24.0) have better export-grade (>55mm) tuber production potential (tha-1) in western Uttar Pradesh. Variety K Chipsona-3 (30.7), K Sangam (29.6), K Ganga (27.2) and K Frysona (24.9) are exhibiting prospects of export from Gujarat. Newly released specialty potato cv. K Neelkanth has also attracted the attention of exporters. Suitable potato varieties acceptable for importing destinations and Good Agricultural Practices (GAP) developed by ICAR- CPRI holds a better future for Indian potato export.
Potato, Export, Main Season, Good Agricultural Practices, Variety
SEED POTATO PRODUCTIVITY AS INFLUENCED BY ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF THE NUTRIENT SOLUTION IN SOILLESS MEDIA DURING SPRING SEASON IN SUBTROPICAL REGIONS OF N- W INDIA
Soilless cultivation under controlled conditions is used for rapid multiplication of early generation virus-free potato seed using aeroponics and other mediums. The plant growth under these systems is affected by different factors like soilless media, nutrient solution concentration used, environment, genotype etc. Besides the composition of nutrient solution its electrical conductivity (EC) influences availability of nutrients and affects plant growth and yield. The two-factorial study on water source and EC was carried out on a cocopeat based medium for a nutrient efficient variety Kufri Gaurav. Well sprouted aeroponically produced minitubers of the variety were planted (at 30 x 15 cm planting density) in soilless medium filled troughs placed under net house. The water source Normal tap water was compared with RO (demineralized) water, while EC was considered at three levels 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0. The results indicated a proficient growth of the genotype at EC 2.0 (plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf length and number of stems). However, for the yield characters, EC 1.0 was found to produce both higher number of tubers, yield as well as harvest index per meter square. Based on the observations it can be inferred that at lower EC the partitioning of the photosynthates is towards the sink (tubers) as compared to the vegetative growth, which would be more desirable under the soilless systems, where limited/ managed canopy growth is more desirable, with higher productivity. The study also indicated virus free seed production in soilless medium during the spring season (seed plot period lasts up to December) in northwestern plains of India under net house, giving indication for successive/ multiple seed crops under soilless controlled conditions.
Soilless cultivation, Electrical conductivity (EC), aeroponics, minitubers, potato
STRENGTHENING SEED POTATO AGRONOMY THROUGH ORGANIC AND PHOSPHORUS NUTRITION BASED INTERVENTIONS
Punjab contributes significantly to India’s seed potato supply, yet its potato productivity remains below expectations. Poor nutrient management, particularly phosphorus, is a key factor in this underperformance. This study, conducted over two years in Ludhiana and Jalandhar, utilized a split-plot design to test three organic treatments (farmyard manure, biofertilizer, control) and five phosphorus fertilizer levels (46.9, 62.5, 93.8, 125, 0 kg ha-1 P2O5). Farmyard manure (FYM) significantly increased plant height, LAI, and tuber and haulm weights at 45 and 75 days after sowing (DAS) compared to other organic treatments. FYM consistently outperformed tuber yield compared to other treatments in both locations and years. Phosphorus application at 125 kg ha-1 P2O5 enhanced tuber yield by up to 24% compared to unfertilized plots, with improvements in plant growth attributes. The highest tuber yields were achieved with FYM (50 t ha-1) and phosphorus levels up to 125 kg ha-1 P2O5)., underscoring the effectiveness of these strategies in optimizing seed potato production.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF POTATO PARENTAL LINES FOR ENHANCED RESISTANCE TO POTATO CYST NEMATODES
Potato cyst nematodes (Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis), are major pests that significantly reduce potato yields worldwide. Developing potato varieties resistant to cyst nematodes is essential to sustain potato production worldwide especially in temperate areas. In this study, we did molecular characterization of 85 potato accessions using linked markers/genes to PCN resistance. We used three QTLs/gene-linked markers for each species: G. rostochiensis (H1, GroVI, and Grp1) and G. pallida (Gpa2, Gpa5, GpaIVSadg). The screening results revealed diverse resistance levels among the accessions based on presence and absence of the marker bands. For G. pallida, 22 accessions carried both Gpa2-1 and Gpa2-2 markers, while only three showed the presence of SPUD1636 marker associated with Gpa5. Most accessions, except one, tested positive for the Contig237 marker linked to GpaIVSadg. Likewise, for G. rostochiensis, 21 accessions had the H1 gene marker TG689, while 14 showed the presence of 57R marker. The GroVI markers U14 and X02 were found in 33 and 57 accessions, respectively, and the Grp1 marker TG432 was present in 12 accessions only. Notably, two accessions, CP4052 and CP4057, exhibited seven resistance markers, making them prime candidates for breeding programs aimed at developing durable PCN resistant potato varieties. The use of molecular markers improves the efficiency of selecting resistant plants and is more cost-effective and quicker than traditional methods. This approach helps in early identification of parental lines with multiple resistance genes, aiding in gene stacking and enhancing the overall breeding process for PCN-resistant potatoes.
SCOPE FOR FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRIES TO BOOST GLOBAL ECONOMY BY MEANS OF POTATO VALUE ADDITION: A REVIEW
Potato, an important agricultural crop grown mainly for domestic consumption as well as for variety of uses. The consumption of fresh potato accounts for 50% in worldwide, and the remaining is being processed into variety of food products as well as food ingredients for its use in food processing industries. The waste generated from potato processing industries, which is being fed to various livestock’s and poultry, it can also be used for production of starch. Value added products produced from potato, which is being highly liked and consumed to a greater extent especially frozen potatoes like crisp and French fries especially in UK restaurants. The fuel grade ethanol can also be even manufactured by fermenting the liquid extract obtained from potato processing waste, so there is an ample scope for the various food processing industries to add value to this crop in order to boost the economy of the nation.
Potato, chips, French fries, flour, starch
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF POTATO CULTIVATION IN TRANS-GIRI REGION OF HIMACHAL PRADESH
Potato accounts for 10.85 per cent of the Himachal’s total (17.22 lakh MT) vegetable output, which is the highest among all vegetables. In terms of area and output of potato, the state’s third-ranked district is Sirmaur, and the Trans-Giri region of Sirmaur is notable for its high-quality potato production. Therefore, in the light of vital importance of potato in the Sirmaur’s agrarian economy, this study reports the economic analysis of potato cultivation in Trans-Giri region which was done based on primary survey of 60 farmers grouped into small and large farmers of Sirmaur district during 2022-23. The total variable cost, total cost and net farm income on overall farm came to be Rs. 17,6368/hectare, Rs. 21,4929/hectare and Rs. 17,1618/hectare, respectively. Hired labour and potato seed made up the majority of the expenses which was around 52 per cent of total variable costs. Potato production seemed profitable with an output-input ratio of 1.80. To increase the production and profitability of potato crop, farmers must rationalize the use of inputs in accordance with package of practices.
EFFICIENT IN VITRO MICROTUBER INDUCTION IN POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L. CV. KUFRI CHANDRAMUKHI) USING HIGH-SUCROSE MS MEDIUM UNDER DARK CONDITIONS
The present study aimed to standardize an efficient protocol for in vitro microtuber induction in Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Kufri Chandramukhi. Nodal explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 10.0 mg l-1 benzyladenine (BA) and 80.0 g l-1 sucrose to promote microtuber development under dark conditions at 20 ± 1°C. Microtubers were harvested after 6 weeks, and their number, average weight, and diameter were recorded. Results demonstrated successful induction of morphologically uniform microtubers from in vitro grown microplants. The average number of microtubers per plantlet was 2.2 ± 0.4, with an average weight of 0.460 ± 0.042 g and a diameter of 6.24 ± 0.78 mm. This protocol offers a reproducible and scalable system for rapid microtuber production, with potential applications in seed potato propagation, germplasm conservation, and pre-breeding programs. The study highlights the amenability of cv. Kufri Chandramukhi to in vitro tuberization, contributing to the advancement of potato biotechnology and seed systems in India.
Microtuberization, Solanum tuberosum, Kufri Chandramukhi, In vitro culture, MS medium, Sucrose, Cytokinin, Potato biotechnology
EVALUATION OF POTATO VARIETIES FOR RESISTANCE TO MAJOR INSECT PESTS IN WEST GODAVARI, ANDHRA PRADESH (RABI 2018)
A field experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 2018 at the College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem, to evaluate the response of eight potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties—Kufri Surya, Kufri Badshah, Kufri Chandramukhi, Kufri Chipsona-3, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Pukhraj, Kufri Khyathi and Kufri Himalini (sourced from CPCRI, Jalandhar)–to major insect pests. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. The occurrence of sucking pests, namely whitefly and leafhopper, was first observed during the 41st Standard Meteorological Week (SMW), whereas foliage-feeding pests such as tobacco caterpillar and gram pod borer appeared during the 42nd SMW. Pest population gradually increased and crossed the Economic Threshold Level (ETL) during the first and second weeks of November in most varieties; however, in Kufri Badshah and Kufri Surya, ETL was reached during the fourth week of November. Peak pest incidence was recorded during the third and fourth weeks of December. Among the varieties, Kufri Khyathi was highly susceptible, recording the highest populations of whitefly (21.44 no./plant), leafhopper (21.97 no./plant), epilachna beetle (20.38 no./plant) and tobacco caterpillar (21.53 no./plant). In contrast, Kufri Badshah exhibited the lowest pest infestation with whitefly (5.36 no./plant), leafhopper (3.27 no./plant), epilachna beetle (4.66 no./plant) and tobacco caterpillar (5.80 no./plant), indicating tolerance to major insect pests. Yield performance revealed that Kufri Badshah ranked second, next to Kufri Surya. Based on pest incidence and yield, Kufri Badshah was found to be suitable for cultivation under the prevailing agro-climatic conditions.
Potato varieties, Screening, Insect pests, kufri Badshah, kufri khyati.
KUFRI BHASKAR: A CLIMATE-RESILIENT POTATO VARIETY WITH STABLE YIELD UNDER HEAT STRESS CONDITIONS
Kufri Bhaskar is a heat tolerant table potato variety suitable for early planting in Northern plains and for main season planting in Central plains. It is a cross of Kufri Khyati and Kufri Surya. Its plants are tall and vigorous with tolerance to mite and hopperburn. It produces attractive white-cream, ovoid tubers with shallow eyes and cream flesh, possesses 20% tuber dry matter and very good keeping quality. Kufri Bhaskar was trialed across the major growing regions of India along with popular heat tolerant check varieties Kufri Surya and Kufri Kiran. Kufri Bhaskar has ability to produce up to 11% higher tuber yield than heat tolerant variety Kufri Kiran and 17% over popular variety Kufri Surya across potato growing regions of country.
Kufri Bhaskar, heat tolerance, mite and hopper burn, early planting
OPTIMIZING WARE POTATO LONGEVITY AND SPROUT SUPPRESSION VIA NUTRITION MANAGEMENT DURING NON-REFRIGERATED STORAGE
In regions with subtropical climates, where farmers often cultivate small and marginal quantities of ware potatoes, storage at ambient temperatures is common, necessitating the use of various storage techniques to prolong shelf life. Employing external substances that stimulate growth is one such method utilized to positively influence the quality of potato tubers during storage. A two-year field experiment conducted in Punjab, India, assessed the effects of farmyard manure (FYM), biofertilizer (Biof), and phosphorus levels on stored ware potato tubers. Results revealed that FYM (50 t/ha) application led to substantially lower weight loss (24.0-26.6%), rotting loss, and sprouting percentages (ranging from 86.0% to 91.1% in Ludhiana and 87.5% to 93.4% in Jalandhar) compared to biofertilizer (10 kg/ha), and the control. Additionally, although not statistically significant, phosphorus levels displayed a consistent trend, with P200 (125 kg/ha P2O5) demonstrating the lowest weight loss and rotting loss values. These findings underscore the efficacy of FYM (50 t/ha) in enhancing tuber storage quality and market viability, highlighting the importance of organic amendments and phosphorus management in optimizing storage protocols for potato farming practices.
Potato storage, Farmyard manure, Biofertilizer, Phosphorus, Shelf life and quality
KUFRI RATAN: A NEW RED SKIN POTATO VARIETY
Kufri Ratan is a medium-maturing, high-yielding table potato variety recommended for cultivation in the North Indian plains and plateau regions during the main growing season. It is a clonal selection derived from a cross between CP3391 and Kufri Sutlej. The plants are medium-tall and vigorous, exhibiting field resistance to late blight. This variety produces aesthetically appealing red coloured, ovoid tubers with shallow to medium eyes, yellow flesh, and a mealy texture. It contains approximately 18% tuber dry matter content and demonstrates excellent storage quality. Kufri Ratan is responsive to crop nutrition and is capable of yielding 36–38 t/ha in the North Indian plains and 20–22 t/ha in plateau regions.
Kufri Ratan, potato, red skin, high yield, late blight resistance, keeping quality, North Indian plains, plateau regions
TRAINING NEEDS OF POTATO GROWERS TOWARDS IMPROVED PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY IN UTTAR PRADESH
The present study was carried out during the year 2024-25 in Uttar Pradesh to know the training needs of the potato growers their preference time, duration, place of training and training of methodology, for this study the data was collected from 192 Potato growers through personal interview schedule. After analyses of data, it was found that agronomical training needs shows higher priorities of improved varieties reported by 59.37% respondents, with mean score of 2.51, after this fertilizer based on soil testing recommendation needs reported by 47.91% of the respondents with mean score of 2.40 and regarding needs of Potato processing reported by 33.85% respondents with mean score of 2.18. These needs were place Ist, IInd and IIIrd respectively. Regarding time of training 46.35% respondents preferred one to two weeks before cropping season start, 64.58% respondents preferred one to three days training, 44.27%, respondents preferred place of training at village level and 47.92% respondents preferred lecture cum demonstration cum tour programme training methodology.
Potato growers, priorities of package & practices and preference time of training
POTATO TUBER DRY MATTER: A CRITICAL TRAIT FOR BREEDING, PROCESSING AND PRODUCTIVITY
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally important staple crop valued for its versatility and high carbohydrate content. Tuber dry matter content (TDM) typically comprising 20% of freshly harvested tubers, is a critical trait influencing processing quality, nutritional value and marketability. TDM is closely associated with specific gravity and varies significantly across cultivars and is shaped by genetic and environmental factors, including agronomic practices and storage conditions. High TDM is essential for processing industries particularly chips, French fries and dehydrated products due to higher product yield, lower oil uptake and better texture. While 18–20% TDM is adequate for canning, levels exceeding 20% are optimal for most fried and dried products. Despite its importance, breeding for high TDM presents challenges due to its quantitative inheritance and strong genotype- by-environment interactions. Moreover, increased TDM may compromise other traits, such as tuber yield and culinary quality, including disintegration during boiling. These trade-offs complicate breeding decisions and demand a balanced approach that integrates genetic, physiological and agronomic strategies. This review critically examines the significance of TDM in potato breeding and processing, explores its genetic and environmental determinants and highlights current challenges and future opportunities in developing high-TDM cultivars. By enhancing our understanding of this complex trait, we can better align breeding goals with industry needs and consumer preferences, ultimately improving potato productivity and value across the supply chain.
ENHANCING POTATO CROP HEALTH MONITORING USING TWO STAGE CNN BASED DISEASE CLASSIFICATION MODELS
Potato is one of the most extensively cultivated crops in India as well as worldwide and serves as a staple food in many regions. Due to its agricultural and economic importance, effective disease management is essential to ensure healthy crop yields. Traditional methods of disease detection rely on manual visual inspection by farmers or agricultural experts, which often lack precision and are prone to misdiagnosis, leading to substantial crop losses. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach for automated disease detection in potato plants using a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). The novelty of this work lies in developing a two-stage CNN framework that first classifies the potato leaf images as either healthy or unhealthy. Next, the unhealthy leaf images are further classified as either early blight or late blight diseases. The proposed CNN models are optimized using the Adam optimizer with a learning rate of 0.0001. Extensive experimentation on a dataset of 1,500 images demonstrates high classification accuracies of 98.3% and 99% for the two stages, respectively. The results demonstrate that our proposed CNN models are highly effective for automated disease detection and improve decision-making in potato crops.
IMPACT OF NANO-FERTILIZERS ON TUBER YIELD AND MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF POTATO VAR. SPIRIT IN SEMI-ARID CONDITION
In recent years, the use of nano-fertilizers has gained attention for increasing agricultural productivity, especially in potato cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nano, bio, and conventional fertilizers on tuber yield and key agronomical traits of the Spirit potato variety. The experiment was performed using a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Six nutritional treatments were tested: control, NPK, Mog biofertilizer, nano-chelated calcium (Nano- Ca), nano-chelated zinc + boron (Nano-Zn+B), and a complete nano-chelated fertilizer. An effective biplot approach (treatment × trait) was used to visualize interactions and assess relationships among treatments, traits, and their combined effects. The first and second principal components explained 92% of the total variance. Among the measured traits; tuber weight per plant, leaf number per plant, mean tuber weight, total tuber yield, number of tubers per plant, days to flowering, dry matter content, and starch content, the complete nano-chelated fertilizer showed the highest performance. Based on the ideal treatment biplot model, this fertilizer was closest to the ideal position, performing best across all traits. It proved to be the most effective treatment for maximizing tuber yield, followed by NPK, Nano-Zn+B, and Nano-Ca treatments. This study highlights the potential of nano-fertilizers as an efficient and environmentally friendly approach to improving potato yield in semi-arid regions. The results suggest that using complete nano-fertilizers can significantly enhance agricultural practices in such areas, leading to higher yields and more efficient resource use.
nano-B, nano-Ca, nano-Zn, tuber yield, yield components
EVALUATION OF SOME NANO-FERTILIZERS, BIOFERTILIZERS AND CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS ON POTATO VARIETY SPRIT
Potato is one of the most important crops grown worldwide. Current research was performed to identify the influences of various types of nano-fertilizers, biofertilizer and bulk fertilizers on tuber yield and some other traits of the Sprit potato variety. The trial was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates with six nutritional treating; control, NPK in bulk form, MOG biofertilizer, nano-calcium, nano-zinc plus nano boron and complete nanofertilizer and various twelve traits of potato were measured. They were number of leaves (NL), number day to initiation of tuberization (DIT), days to row closure (DRC), days to flowering (DF), number of tubers per plant (NTP), number of stems (NS), tuber yield (TY), mean tuber diameter (MTD), mean tuber weight (MTW), tuber weight per plant (TWP), dry matter content (DM) and starch total (ST). The factor analysis indicated that the first two factors, accounted 92% of variability and revealed that MOG biofertilizer was related to days to row closure and mean tuber diameter, while NPK produced the high numbers of stems. Also, no fertilizer usage (control) caused delay to initiation of tuberization, while complete nano-fertilizer had the higher amounts of the other traits like tuber yield. For obtaining the more number of leaves per plant, using complete nano-fertilizer following to nano-zinc plus nano boron is advise while for more numbers of tubers per plant, application of all tested nano-fertilizers is useful. The nano-fertilizers have beneficial ability in comparison to bulk-form and biologic fertilizers, thus nano-fertilizers especially the complete nano-fertilizer should be used to minimize the harmful influences of nutrient shortage and reaching targets of sustainable and low-input agricultural systems in production of potato under semi-arid environments.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF YIELD PERFORMANCE TRAITS IN POTATO
The present study investigated the genetic diversity and yield performance traits in 332 potato accessions evaluated in 2020 and 366 accessions in 2021 at ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Regional Station, Modipuram. An augmented design, was used to assess the marketable tuber yield (MTY), non-marketable tuber yield (NMTY), total tuber yield (TTY), specific gravity (SG), and plant maturity (PM). Significant genetic variation was observed, with heritability values exceeding 90% for key traits like TTY and MTY. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified marketable and total tuber yield as primary contributors to variability, which explained 63.2% of the total variance. The formation of four distinct clusters (red, blue, green, and black) in the present investigation highlights the presence of subgroups with shared traits. Hierarchical clustering highlighted the potential of combining the yield related traits of Tuberosum accessions, the genetic diversity of Andigena accessions (Solanum tuberosum Andigena group), and the regional adaptability of Indian varieties to develop superior potato cultivars with improved yield. Key accessions, including JEX/A-459 and Kufri Pushkar, exhibited superior yield performance, which can be a promising candidate for breeding programs.
EVALUATION OF ADVANCED POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE BASED ON YIELD AND AGRONOMIC TRAITS
Salinity stress is a major constraint on potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production, particularly in salinity-prone regions such as the Indo-Gangetic plains. This study evaluated 58 potato genotypes, including 54 advanced breeding lines and 4 released varieties, under control (ECe < 1 dS/m) and saline (ECe ~ 6.8-7.05 dS/m) environments. Genotypes were assessed for key agronomic traits, including marketable tuber yield (MTY), non-marketable tuber yield (NMTY), total tuber yield (TTY), marketable and non-marketable tuber no. and dry matter content (DM%). Salinity stress significantly reduced MTY and TTY, with yield reductions ranging from 1.86% to 65.74% and an average reduction of 31.70%. Genotypes such as WS/19-911 (yield reduction – 1.86%), WS/17-321 (2.39%) and WS/18-407 (3.16%) demonstrated superior tolerance, exhibiting minimal yield reductions, while others, including WS/17-717 (65.74%), WS/19-701 (63.64%) and WS/17-813 (60.43%), showed high susceptibility. Among released varieties, Kufri Bahar exhibited the lowest yield reduction (7.32%) in the current investigation. The Stress susceptibility index (SSI) varied across genotypes, with tolerant lines maintaining stable yields under stress. These findings highlight the potential of salinity-tolerant genotypes for breeding programs aimed at improving potato productivity in saline environments. This research underscores the importance of selecting genotypes that combine high marketable yields with resilience to salinity stress for sustainable cultivation.
EFFECT OF NUTRIENT OMISSION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.) UNDER RAINFED ECOSYSTEMS OF NORTH EASTERN HILLY REGION, MEGHALAYA
A field experiment was conducted to identify the most limiting nutrients for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production in Shillong, NEH Region, Meghalaya, India, during 2019-20. The experiment was replicated three times using a factorial randomized complete block design. The study included five nutrient treatments viz., control (-NPK), omission of nitrogen (-N), phosphorus (-P), and potassium (-K), recommended NPK (+NPK) and two potato varieties viz., K. Girdhari and K. Megha. Results showed that the average potato yield for the nutrient omission treatments were -K (12.67 t ha-1), -P (10.81 t ha-1), -N (7.85 t ha-1), and -NPK (3.53 t ha-1). The recommended NPK treatment resulted in the highest production (16.46 t ha-1) with a net return of ``160559 ha-1 and a B:C ratio of 1.95, indicating its superiority in terms of profitability and sustainability. The agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AEN), phosphorus (AEP) and potassium (AEK) ranged from 52.17~92.32, 35.97~107.71 and 71.94~215.41 kg yield increase per kg of nutrient applied, respectively. Similarly, the partial factor productivity for nitrogen (PFPN), phosphorus (PFPP), and potassium (PFPK) under the fully fertilized treatment was 117.54, 137.14, and 274.27 kg yield per kg of nutrient input, respectively.
Nutrient response, nutrient omission, potato, varieties
LAND CHARACTERISTICS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE TO SUPPORT DIVERSITY AND SUSTAINABILITY OF BROMOTENGGER TOURISM
Ngadisari Village is located in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Mount Bromo, and has strong natural tourism potential. However, its agricultural practices do not yet follow conservation principles or fully support agro-tourism development. This study has been completed to evaluate the implementation of conservation agriculture in the cultivation of main crops (potatoes, onions, and cabbage) according to conservation agriculture principles. The study was conducted in Ngadisari Village, Sukapura District, Probolinggo, East Java, Indonesia from 2022 to 2023. Located at 1,950 m above sea level, the area has high rainfall (3,577 mm/year), cool temperatures (10–20°C), sloped land, and light-textured soil. Results show that most of the land in Ngadisari is used for agricultural practices that do not fully align with conservation agriculture principles. However, terracing has been implemented, reinforced by annual plants like pine or elephant grass, which has helped reduce soil slope. Land preparation is intensively conducted to a depth of over 30 cm. Most farming is rainfed, leaving fields bare during the dry season. Mixed cropping or two-crop intercropping is more common than monoculture, with potatoes, onions, and cabbage as the most dominant crops.
ADVANCEMENTS IN POTATO SCIENCE: AGRONOMY, GENETICS, AND BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD SECURITY
Irish potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally significant crop, valued for its high nutritional content, adaptability, and contribution to food security. This study explores its role in addressing global challenges such as malnutrition, poverty, and climate change. Despite its importance, knowledge gaps persist regarding its full nutritional potential, bioavailability of nutrients, and sustainable production practices. By employing a multidisciplinary approach, this research evaluates the potato’s nutritional value, its potential to combat micronutrient deficiencies, and strategies for enhancing productivity under changing environmental conditions. Key findings highlight the potato’s pivotal role in improving diet quality, supporting livelihoods, and promoting sustainable agriculture. However, challenges such as pest susceptibility, production variability, and cultural barriers to dietary integration remain. Addressing these limitations through improved breeding, biofortification, and targeted education campaigns can further optimize the potato’s impact. This article reviews the agronomical aspects of the Irish potato and its taxonomy nomenclature. Together, these findings highlight the importance of potatoes in providing food security to the international community, alongside the global fight against malnutrition. The aim of this study is to underscore the need for renewed focus on the Irish potato as a tool for global food security and sustainable development, offering a foundation for future research and policy innovation.