Amplification of Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Attributes of a Multipurpose Tropical Tree Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. Through Different Pre-sowing Seed Treatments
134 / 25
Authors
-
MANISH KUMAR SINGH
Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam-785 010, India
Author
-
PAPORI BORPUZARI
Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam-785 010, India
Author
-
ARINDAM DUTTA
Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam-785 010, India
Author
-
NAFEESH AHAMED
Rain Forest Research Institute, Jorhat, Assam-785 010, India
Author
Keywords:
Seed coat dormancy, growth regulators, germination percentage, pre-sowing treatments, scoring scaleAbstract
Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. is highly underutilized, multipurpose and sustainably harvested legume tree of north east India. It is mainly propagated through seeds, but due to over exploitation, insect-pest infestation, climatic disruption and various other threats its population is declining from the wild. Further due to innate seed coat dormancy, the germination percentage and seed vigour is very less which further resulted into poor natural regeneration. Keeping this view, we attempted to investigate phenotypically superior trees based on scoring scale from wild and screened out best pre-sowing treatment for enhancing germination and growth attributes. Study started with selection of 21 healthy populations of P. timoriana from northeast India through field survey, assortment
of phenotypically superior trees through scoring scale method and tested different pre-sowing treatments viz., Growth regulators, Acid Scarification and Organics for enhancing seed germination and seedling growth attributes. Study observed that, seeds pre-soaked in water for 24 hour, treated with GA3 (100 ppm, 24 hour) or cow dung slurry (1:1) for 12 hour, required less germination time (2-3 days), having higher germination percentage (90-98%), germination energy (76.41-80.43), germination index (15.4-19.5) and required minimum mean germination time (6-7 days) as compare to unprocessed seeds. This study recommends the use of organic treatments i.e. water soaking for 24 hour, Cow dung slurry (1:1) for 12 hour and growth regulator i.e. GA3 100 ppm for 24 hour, for
enhancing seed germination and growth attributes in P. timoriana.
Downloads
References
http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/ild-24964 (accessed
on 18 Feb 2020).
DHYANI S.K. AND DS CHAUHAN (1990). Nitrogen fixing trees
for agroforestry in Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Hill Farming,
(2): 65-68.
HOPKINS HCF (1994). The Indo-Pacific species of
Parkia (Leguminosae: Mimosoidae). Kew Bulletin, 49: 181-
WIRIADINATA H AND N BAMROONGRUGSA (2016). Parkia
speciosa. Plant Resources of South-East Asia. https ://
uses.plant net-proje ct.org/en/Parkia_speciosa_PROSE A.
KANJILAL UN, PC KANJILAL AND A DAS (1938). Flora of
Assam, Prabasi Press, Calcutta, vol. 3, pp: 151.
SHARMA BD, DK HORE AND JS SALAM (1993). Parkia
roxburghii- A useful tree of North-Eastern India. Indian Journal
of Plant Genetic Resource, 6: 171-173.
SUWANNARAT K AND C NUALSRI (2008). Genetic
relationships between 4 Parkia spp. and variation in Parkia
speciosa Hassk. based on random amplified polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) markers. Songklanakarin. Journal of Science and
Technology, 1(30): 4.
LIM TK (2012). Edible Medicinal and non-medicinal plants ,vol.
Spinger Netherland.
THANGJAM R (2014). Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR)
marker analysis in Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr. Populations
from Northeast India. Apllied Biochemistry and Biotechnology,
: 1727–1734.
VERMA PK, V KUMAR, A CHANDRA AND B THUNAOJAM
(2017). Alternatives of Shifting Cultivation in North-Eastern
region of India. Report and Opinion, 9(12): 1-8.
SINHA SC (2001). Medicinal Plants of Manipur. Mass
Publication, Imphal, India.
SEAL T (2011). Nutritional Composition of Wild Edible Fruits
in Meghalaya State of India and Their Ethno-botanical
Importance. Research Journal of Botany, 6(2): 58-67.
LONGVAH T AND YG DEOSTHALE (1998). Nutrient
composition and food potential of Parkia roxburghii, a less
known tree legume from North Eat India. Food Chemistry, 2(4):
-481.
ROCKY P, UK SAHOO AND HS THAPA (2004). Livelihood
generation through tree bean (Parkia roxburghii G. Don.) in
Imphal west district of Manipur. Journal of Non-Timber Forest
Products, 11: 135-139.
ALABI DA, OR AKINSULIRE AND MA SANYAOLU (2015).
Qualitative determination of chemical and nutritional
composition of Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth. African Journal
of Biotechnology, 4(8): 812- 815.
SINGH SJ, PK SINGH, BK DUTTA AND UK SAHOO (2009).
Chemical Composition and Nutritive Indices in Parkia
roxburghii G. Don, A Leguminous Plant of India. Indian Journal
of Agricultural Biochemistry, 22(2): 87-93.
ANGAMI T, R BHAGAWATI, L TOUTHANG, B MAKDOG, N
LUNGMUANA, AK BHARTI, R SILAMBARASAN AND M
AYYANAR (2018). Traditional uses, phytochemistry and
biological activities of Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr., an
underutilized multipurpose tree bean: A Review. Genetics
Resource Crop Evoution, 65(2): 679-692.
FAO (1964).Yearbook of Forest Products Statistics, Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nation, Rome, Italy.
ANONYMOUS (1996). Wealth of India. Raw material Council
of Scientific and Industrial Research, New-Delhi, Vol. VIII. N -
Pe. p. 265.
ROCKY P AND UK SAHOO (2002). Tree bean (Parkia
roxburghii G. Don): A promising NTFP of Manipur. MFP News
XII, (2): 4-5.
ROY SS, A RAJLAKSHMI AND SN AJITKUMAR (2016). Tree
Bean (Parkia roxburghii): A Potential Multipurpose Tree
Legume of North East India. In: National Symposium on
Vegetable Legumes for Soil and Human Health, Feb. 12-14,
-208.
FIRAKE DM, A VENKATESH, PD FIRAKE, GT BEHERE AND
NSA THAKUR (2013). Parkia roxburghii: an underutilized but
multipurpose tree species for reclamation of Jhum land.
Current Science, 104(12): 1598–1599.
THANGJAM R, D MAIBAM AND JG SHARMA (2003).
Detection of genetic diversity in Parkia timoriana (DC.) Merr.
using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis. Journal
of Food Agriculture and Environment, 1(3-4): 46-49.
THANUJA PC, S NADUKERI, S KOLAKAR, M
HANUMANTHAPPA, M GANAPATHI AND KL VASUDEV
(2018). Enhancement of germination and seedling growth
attributes of a medicinal tree species Pterocarpus marsupium
Roxb. through pre sowing seed treatments. Journal of
Pharmacognosy and Photochemistry, 3: 165-169.
THANJAM U AND UK SAHOO (2017). Effects of different pretreatments and germination media on seed germination and
seedling growth of Parkiatimoriana (DC.) Merr. Journal of
Experimental Biology and Agriculture Sciences, 5(1): 98-105.
SINGH NT AND KN SINGH (2017). Revisiting Imported
Yonchak: An overview. Global Academic Research Journal,
(1): 24-28.
ISTA (1976). International rules for seed testing. Rules and
Annexes, International Seed Testing Association. Seed
Science and Technology, 4: 3-117.
OWOH PW, MO OFFIONG, SI UDOFIA AND VU EKANEM
(2011). Effects of seed size on germination and early
morphological and physiological characteristics of Gmelina
arborea, Roxb. African Research Review, 5: 422-433.
KHAN AA (1980). Hormonal regulation of primary and
secondary seed dormancy. Israel Journal of Botany, 29: 207-
YAMAUCHI Y, M OGAWA, A KUWAHARA, A HANADA, Y
KAMIA AND S YAMAGUCHI S (2004). Activation of gibberellin
biosynthesis and Response Pathways by Low Temperature
during Imbibition of Arabidopsis thaliana Seeds. The Plant
Cell, 16: 367-378.
RAJAK KK, R HUNJE AND A KRISHNA (2019). Effect of presowing treatments on seed germination seed quality in
Flemingia semialata Roxb. Indian Journal of Applied Research,
(5): 44-46.
OPOKU JA, JN AMISSAH, ME ESSILFIE AND JC NORMAN
(2018). Effect of Pre-Sowing Treatments on Seed Germination
and Seedling Growth of Silver Butterfly Tree (Bauhinia
rufescens). Current Agriculture Research, 6(3): 344-354.
HAIDER RF, M SAHALAM AND A HOSSAIN (2014). Effect of
pre-sowing treatment on seed germination and seedlings
growth attributes of Acacia catechu Willd. in nursery and field
conditions. International Journal of Latest Research in Science
and Technology, 3(4): 214-219.
OTEGBEYE GO AND AB MOMODU (2002). Preliminary study
of germination technique for the seeds of Parkia biglobosa.
Journal of Agriculture and Environment, 3: 405-409.
HOSSAIN MA, MK AREFIN, BM KHAN AND MA RAHMARI
(2005). Effects of seed treatment on germination and seedling
growth attributes of Horitaki (Terminalia chebula Retz.) in the
nursery. Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science
Research, 1: 135-141.
OMOKHUA GE, HI AIGBE AND NB NDULUE (2015). Effect
of pre germination treatments on the germination and early
seedling growth of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schum & Thonn.).
International Journal of Science and Technology Research,
: 160-164.
SUJATHA VN AND K MANJAPPA (2015). Effect of pre-sowing
treatment on seed germination of Melia azedarach Linn.
Karanatka. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 28(2): 269-270.
ROSHETKO JM, S RAHAYU AND NH PRASTOWO (2008).
Evaluating indigenous practices for petai (Parkia speciosa
Hassk.) seed germination: The effect of seed shelling and seed
cutting on germination, growth, and survival. Small-Scale
Forestry; 7(3-4): 285–93.
AHIRE ML, GS GOGA AND NT DAYARAM (2009). Seed
viability and influence of pre-sowing treatments on germination
and seedling development of Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC. Seed
Science and Biotechnology, 3(2): 48-53.
