Solid Matrix Priming and Bio-agents Improve Seed Emergence in Okra [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench]
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Authors
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JAGADISH HOSAMANI
Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IARI Regional Station, Karnal 13200
Author
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V.K. PANDITA
Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IARI Regional Station, Karnal 13200
Author
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B.S.TOMAR
Division of Seed Science and Technology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, IARI Regional Station, Karnal 13200
Author
Keywords:
Okra, Priming, Field emergence, Bio-agentsAbstract
Rapid and uniform seedling emergence is a pre-requisite to better stand establishment and subsequent plant growth and yield in vegetable crops. One of the major problem of okra growers is difficulty in obtaining proper seedling emergence under low temperature. Since environmental factors often cannot be controlled, modification of the seed by either biological, chemical, or physiological techniques should be evaluated to improve the vigor of the seedling and uniformity of stand. Solid matrix seed priming (SMP) was performed by mixing seed with moist Vermiculite for 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 and 48 h incubation at 20°C and 25°C. Based on seed germination, speed of germination and seedling vigour parameters, solid matrix priming for 24 h duration at 20°C was optimum for improving seed quality in okra cv Pusa A-4. Solid matrix priming followed by coating with Trichoderma viridae improved laboratory germination by 8.3% over unprimed seed. Coating seed with bio-agents like Trichoderma viridae and T. harzianum after SMP significantly improved speed of germination and seedling vigour. SMP followed by coating of Trichoderma viridae improved field emergence of okra seed by 33% over unprimed control. Field Emergence Index and 25 days old seedling growth and vigour was significantly higher in solid matrix primed seed coated with bio-agents. The results indicate that solid matrix priming along with coating of bio-agents like Trichoderma viridae and T harzianum improves field emergence and seedling growth in okra. SMP can be effectively employed to prime large amount of okra seed at one time. It is also cost effective as the medium can be reused many times.
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