Influence of nitrogen and sulphur on seed yield and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)
31 / 5
Authors
-
ANTENEH GIRMA
School of Plant Sciences (Seed Science and Technology), Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Author
-
NIGUSSIE DECHASSA
School of Plant Sciences (Seed Science and Technology), Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Author
-
R.P.S. TOMER
School of Plant Sciences (Seed Science and Technology), Haramaya University, Ethiopia
Author
Keywords:
Groundnut, plant nutrition, seed yield, seed quality, nitrogen, sulphurAbstract
Field trial and laboratory experiment were conducted in the experimental farm station Babile, and Seed Science Technology Laboratory, Haramaya University, respectively during the summer season of 2010, to investigate the response of three groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars (Roba, Weren-962 and Oldhale) to five levels of nitrogen and sulphur combinations (0:0, 10:0, 0:9, 20:8, 30:27 kg ha). Roba showed highest seed yield (1148.8 kg ha), 100-seed weight (69.9 g) and vigour index II (708), whereas Werer-962 gave the highest number of pods/plant (132.3) and speed of germination (22.2). Variety Oldhale showed poor response to different rates of nitrogen and sulphur application except for standard germination and vigour. Nitrogen and sulphur @20 + 18 kg ha' resulted in the highest yield and yield components in variety Roba and Werer-962. However, significantly reduced standard germination, vigour indices and speed of germination were observed in this variety. Results demonstrated enhanced yield of groundnut seed in response to increased levels of combined nitrogen and sulphur application. The groundnut varieties had responded differently to the combined application of the two nutrients. It could be concluded that Roba, as noticed from its higher performance with respect to various growths and phenological characters including its response to nitrogen and sulphur application, may be the best variety under Babile's agro-ecology and the impact of the presence of different nitrogen and sulphur rate for seed and grain production.
Downloads
References
1. ADUGNA W (1992). Groundnut Breeding in Ethiopia. Proc First National Oilseeds Workshop in Ethiopia. 3-5 December 1991, Addis Ababa Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, pp 312
2. GETNET A AND NIGUSSIE A (1992). Production and research on oilseeds in Ethiopia. Proc National Oilseeds Workshop in Ethiopia, 3-5 December 1991, Addis Ababa: Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, pp 312
3. CSA (Central Statistical Authority) (2010). Agricultural Sample Survey 2009/10: Report on area and production of crops (private peasant holdings, meher season). V.I. Statistical Bulletin 446. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
4. GEREMEW T AND ASFAW T (1992). Groundnut and sesame diseases in Ethiopia. Proc First National Oilseeds Workshop in Ethiopia, 3-5 December 1991. Addis Ababa: Institute of Agricultural Research, Ethiopia, pp 312
5. AHMAD A, ABRAHAM G, GANDDOTRA N, ABROL VP AND ABDIN MZ (1998). Interactive effect of nitrogen and sulphur on growth and yield of rapeseed-mustard (Brassica juncea L) Czern and Coss and Brassica campestris L). J Agron Crop Science 181: 193-99
6. BEGA L, GEBREMEDIHIN W, TERISSA T AND BNERKE-TSEHAI T (1994). Potato agronomy research. In: Edward Herath and Lemma Dessalegne (eds) Proc Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, 1-3 December 1992. Addis Ababa: Institute of Agriculture Organization, Ethiopia, pp 101-19
7. FAO (1994). Food crops intensification and integrated plant nutrition in Ethiopia plant management service, Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Rome, Italy
8. ZAMAN B, SALIM M, RAHMATULLAH AND ZIA MS (1996). Utilization of phosphorus and sulphur by maize from various organic and inorganic sources. Pakistan Journal Soil Science 12: 77-80
9. TRIPATHI HC, SINGH RS AND MISRA VK (1997). Effect of S and Zn nutrition on yield and quality of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Journal of Indian Society of Soil Sciences 45: 123-25
10. PAGE AL, (1982). Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2. Chemical and Microbiological Properties. Maidson, Wisconson
11. ANONYMOUS (2011). International Rules for Seed Testing. ISTA, Zurich, Switzerland
12. FIALA F (1987). Handbook of Vigour Test Methods. ISTA publication
13. MAGUIRE JD (1962). Rate of germination aid in selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigour. Crop Sci 2: 176-77
14. SAS Institute (2002). The SAS System for Windows, Version 9.0 SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC, USA
15. JAMAL A, FAZLI JS, AHMAD S AND ABDIN MZ (2006). Interactive effect of nitrogen and sulphur on yield and quality of groundnut (Arachis hypogea L) Korean Journal Crop Science 51(6): 519-22
16. DEV GAND KUMAR V (1982). Secondary nutrients. In: Review of Soil Research in India, Part 1, 12th International Congress of Soil Science, New Delhi, India, pp 342-60
17. ΜΑΥΝARD DG, STEWART JWB AND BETTANYT, JR (1983). Use of plant analysis to predict sulphur deficiency in rapeseed (Brassica napus). Canadian Journal of Soil Science 63: 387-96
18. WALKER KC AND BOOTH EJ (2003). Sulphur nutrition and oilseed quality. In: Abrol YP and Ahmad A (eds) Sulphur in Plants. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, pp 323-39
19. MAEDA JA, LAGO AA AND TELLA RD (1986). Effect of timing of NPK and fertilizer application on the quality of groundnut seeds. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, 21(9): 941-44
20. ROWARTH JS, ARCHIE WJ, COOKSON WR, HAMPTON JH, SAUNDERS CJ, SIBERSTEIN TB AND YOUND WC (1999). The link between nitrogen application, concentration of nitrogen in herbage and seed quality in perennial ryegrass (Loilum perenne L.) Journal of Applied Seed Production 17: 1-8
21. FILHO MJ, CUSTODIO CC, CAMARA GMS, MARCOS EA AND MIRANDA RE (1994). Relationship between nitrogen sources, germination and vigour of soybean seeds. Sciences and Agriculture, Piracicaba 51(2): 305-14
22. SINGH N (2009). Effect of seed size on quality within seed lot of pea and correlation of standard germination, vigour with field emergence test. Journal of Nature and Science 7(4): 1545-54.
