Kernel Smut of Rice: An Overview
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Authors
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R.C. SHARMA
Seed Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004
Author
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INDU SHARMA
Seed Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004
Author
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ROHIT AGGARWAL
Seed Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004
Author
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ASHOK GAUR
Seed Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana 141 004
Author
Keywords:
Kernel smut, paddy bunt, Tilletia barclayana, Neovossia horridaAbstract
Kernel smut (Tilletia barclayana) of rice also referred as paddy bunt (Neovossia horrida) is worldwide in distribution. In India, large number of seed samples get rejected as the tolerance levels for the disease are prescribed at 0.1 and 0.5 per cent for foundation and certified seed, respectively. In USA, the disease has been occurring persistently for the last 50 years in Arkansas and adjoining rice growing areas causing significant quantitative as well as qualitative losses. There is voluminous literature available on the distribution, economic importance, etiology, epidemiology, disease cycle and management of this disease which is reviewed in this article.
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References
1. TUNWAR, N.S. & S.S. SINGH (1988). Indian Minimum Seed Certification Standards, The Central Seed Certification Board, Department of Agriculture and Co-Operation, Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India. 388pp.
2. USDA (2005). United States Standards for Rice. Washington, DC: USDA.
3. SHARMA, R.C., A.SINGH, N. KOHLI & S.S GILL (2001b). Studies on bio-control of kernel smut of Paddy. Seed Res., 29(1): 71-75.
4. REYES, G.M. (1939). Rice diseases and methods of control. Philippine Agric., 10: 419-436.
5. SHARMA, R.C. & I. SHARMA (2004). Comparative efficacy of systemic fungicides against Loose smut, Karnal bunt and Paddy bunt. Seed Res., 32(2): 229-231.
6. "et al."
