Effects of Mechanical Damage and Shriveling of Seed on Germination and Vigour of Two Wheat Varieties
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Authors
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MAJID A. AL-MAHASNEH
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 'Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid P.O. Box 3030, 22110, Jordan
Author
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NEZAR H. SAMARAH
Department of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, 'Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid P.O. Box 3030, 22110, Jordan
Author
Keywords:
Mechanical damage, shriveled seed, germination, wheatAbstract
Exposure of seeds to mechanical damage and shriveling during production and harvest may reduce seed quality of wheat. In Jordan, wheat is usually exposed to extended drought stress after anthesis, which results in premature termination of seed development and production of shriveled seeds. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to study the effects of mechanical damage and shriveling of seed on seed quality of wheat. Two wheat varieties (Hourani and Sham-1), grown in northren Jordan, were separated into four physical categories; sound seeds, mechanically-damaged seeds, shriveled seeds and foreign materials. Seed germination and vigour, as estimated by seedling dry weight, germination rate index (GRI), germination after accelerated aging, and electrical conductivity (EC) of seed leachate were evaluated for un-separated seeds (control), sound, shriveled, and damaged seeds in both varieties. Sound seeds represented 94 and 92% for Sham-1 and Hourani, respectively. In standard germination test and GRI, only damaged seeds showed significantly lower percentage of normal seedlings and GRI than other seed categories. Percentage of normal seedlings in standard germination test for sound seeds were not significantly different from control and shriveled seeds. In seedling dry weight, both damaged and shriveled seeds produced significantly lower seedling dry weight than sound and control seeds. Sound seeds had significantly higher AA-germination than control, shriveled and damaged seeds for both varieties which indicated that AA-test was useful test to separate seed categories based on quality. Similar results were observed in electrical conductivity (EC) from seed leachate, where the damaged and shriveled seeds had significantly higher electrical conductivity from seed leachate than sound and control seeds.
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References
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