Rust situation and pathotypes of Puccinia species in Leh Ladakh in relation to recurrence of wheat rusts in India
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S.C. BHARDWAJ*, O.P GANGWAR, S. B SINGH, M.S. SAHARAN1 and SANGEETA SHARMA
Abstract
There were reports of large scale occurrence of stem rust in Leh Ladakh and its speculated consequences on the wheat cultivated elsewhere in India. A survey was conducted in September, 2011 to observe the occurrence of wheat rusts in this area. Both stem and stripe rusts were observed to be severe on wheat land race Four by Four. Incidence of leaf rust was restricted to few pustules only. Analysis of 63 samples revealed the predominance of pathotypes 14S64 (CI), 15S64 (CII), 78S64 (CIII) of Puccinia striiformis and 10G13 (34-1) of P. graminis tritici to be the cause. However, these pathotypes do not occur on wheat crop elsewhere in India and are of very primitive and avirulent type. The predominant pathotypes of these rust pathogens in main wheat crop do not occur in Leh Ladakh. The wheat varieties released during the last 20 years are resistant to these pathotypes. It is concluded that occurrence of severe stem and stripe rusts in this area do not have any role in the recurrence of wheat rusts in regular crop in India. Wheat land races need to be replaced with improved wheat varieties like Sinchen and other rust resistant and high yielding varieties HS365 and HS375, recommended for high altitude areas.
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