Citrus sudden decline disease in Iran

Authors

  • MOUSA NAJAFINIYA* and MEHDI AZADVAR

Keywords:

Blight, citrus, nematode, Jiroft, root rot

Abstract

Citrus decline is one of the most important diseases of citrus in the world.Recently, a new citrus sudden decline disease (CSDD) affecting sweet orange on Bakraee, (Citrus sp.)was reported in Jiroft in south east of Iran. The affected trees initially showed pale green in appearance and growth retardation without production of fresh sprouts.The leaves and young fruits remained attached to twigs on tree and finally the infected tree started to decline. The root system of affected trees has fewer roots than healthy ones, and there are different levels of root rot. Sweet orange, grapefruit, mandarin, Washington navel, are affected but only when grafted on Bakraee. In order to collect the plant and soil samples from affected and non-affected trees, the survey was conducted during 2012-2015 in various citrus orchards of Jiroft (hilly and plain areas). In most of affected tree the citrus nematode (Tylenchulus semipenetranse) in high population, was along with the Phytophthora nicotianae and Fusarium solani. Examination of samples from affected plant by electron microscope and molecular methods did not detect any known Virus. Using universal primers did not detect any Phytoplasma in affected trees. Our results showed the Citrus sudden decline in south of Iran is a complex disease and caused by citrus nematode, F. solani, P. nicotianae, heat and drought stress.

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Issue

Vol. 69 No. 4s (2016): Indian Phytopathology : Special Issue

Section

Research Articles

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How to Cite

MEHDI AZADVAR, M. N. and. (2016). Citrus sudden decline disease in Iran. Indian Phytopathology, 69(4s), 41-43. http://epubs.icar.org.in/ejournal/index.php/IPPJ/article/view/71224