Assessment of pesticide residue laboratories competence through proficiency testing: Implications for food safety#

Abstract

Ensuring quality and safety in agricultural inputs is critical to sustainable agriculture. This paper emphasizes the significance of quality assurance, accreditation, and proficiency testing (PT) in ensuring the accuracy and credibility of analytical data that supports food safety and environmental protection. Developing the competency of laboratories and personnel is crucial for achieving reliable results and maintaining
accreditation standards. The National Institute of Plant Health Management (NIPHM), through its NABLaccredited Pesticide Formulation and Residue Analytical Centre (PFRAC) and Proficiency Testing Centre (PTC), facilitates national-level PT programs that evaluate laboratory performance in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025:2017 and ISO/IEC 17043:2023 standards. A case study involving pesticide residue analysis
in cucumber samples demonstrated strong laboratory competency, with over 90% of results achieving acceptable z-scores for key pesticides such as Acetamiprid, Bifenthrin, Dimethoate, Imidacloprid and Malathion. The outcomes affirm the robustness of India’s analytical framework for pesticide monitoring and compliance with FSSAI. However, variations in analytical methods underscore the need for continuous training, harmonized procedures, and expanded NABL coverage. Institutionalizing PT participation and competency development enhances laboratory credibility, supports policy implementation, and promotes confidence in agri-input regulation. The findings reinforce that strengthening quality control mechanisms is vital for sustainable agriculture, food safety, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to food security, responsible consumption, and good health and well-being.