Biology of Tonica zizyphi Stainton on Jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lamk

Abstract

Biology of Tonica zizyphi has been reported on jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana) under arid conditions of western Rajasthan. With 2·3 days of incubation period, 10-16 days of larval period and 5-8 days of pupal period, the life cycle was completed in 19 to 32 days (average 25 days). An unidentified disease caused mortality in 13 to 42% of larvae and 37 to 65% of pupae.