Influence of different dietary protein levels on milk of dairy cows during the transition period
150 / 14
Authors
-
S.S. Nair
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy- 680651, Thrissur, Kerala.
-
K. Ally
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy- 680651, Thrissur, Kerala.
-
V. Dildeep
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy- 680651, Thrissur, Kerala.
-
J.J. Mathew
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy- 680651, Thrissur, Kerala.
-
V.L. Gleeja
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy- 680651, Thrissur, Kerala.
Keywords:
Total mixed ration, Transition period, Dietary protein, Milk proteinAbstract
A study was carried out to find the influence of different dietary protein levels on milk of dairy cows during the transition period. Twenty cross bred cows, three weeks prior to their expected date of calving were selected from University Livestock Farm and Fodder Research and Development Scheme (ULF&FRDS), College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Kerala, as experimental animals. The cows were randomly allotted to two dietary treatments – T1 (12 per cent CP (crude protein) TMR (Total Mixed Ration)) and T2 (14 per cent CP TMR). After calving, half of the animals in T1 were allotted to T3 (16 per cent CP TMR) and remaining half to T4 (18 per cent CP TMR). Similarly half of the animals in T2 were allotted to T3 and remaining half to T4. All these rations were iso-caloric. The feeding trial was carried out for a period of 3 weeks prepartum and 45 days postpartum. Results revealed that there was no significant difference in milk yield between the different treatment groups. The milk protein were significantly higher (p<0.05) for groups receiving treatments T2 & T4. Levels of all other milk parameters under observation remained unaffected in all treatment combinations, and the values were in the normal range. The study showed that the milk protein can be effectively improved by feeding a low dietary protein prepartum and high protein postpartum.
References
Ally, K. 2003. Influence of level and degradability of dietary protein on early lactation in cross bred cows. Ph.D Thesis. Kerala Agricultural University, Mannuthy, 145p.
Amanlou, H., Farahani, T.A. and Farsuni, N.E. 2017. Effects of rumen undegradable protein supplementation on productive performance and indicators of protein and energy metabolism in Holstein fresh cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 100 (5): 3628-3640.
AOAC. 2016. Official Methods of Analysis. 20th Edn. Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Washington, D.C, USA.
Barros, T., Quaassdorff, M.A., Aguerre, M.J., Colmenero, J.O., Bertics, S.J., Crump, P.M. and Wattiaux, M.A. 2017. Effects of dietary crude protein concentration on late-lactation dairy cow performance and indicators of nitrogen utilization. Journal of Dairy Science. 100 (7): 5434-5448
Bector, B.S., Ram, M. and Singhal, O.P. 1998. Rapid platform test for detection and determination of added urea in milk. Indian Dairyman. 50: 59-62.
Bell, A.W. 1995. Regulation of organic nutrient metabolism during transition from late pregnancy to early lactation. Journal of Animal Science. 73(9):2804-2819.
Broderick, G.A. 2003. Effects of varying dietary protein and energy levels on the production of lactating dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 86(4):1370-1381.
Butler, W.R. and Smith, R.D. 1989. Inter relationships between energy balance and postpartum reproductive function in dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science.72(3):767-783.
Dann, H.M., Morin, D.E., Bollero, G.A., Murphy, M.R. and Drackley, J.K. 2005. Prepartum intake, postpartum induction of ketosis, and periparturient disorders affect the metabolic status of dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 88(9):3249-3264.
De Peters, E.J. and Ferguson, J.D. 1992. Nonprotein nitrogen and protein distribution in the milk of cows. Journal of Dairy Science: 75(11):3192-3209.
Dominic, G. 2013. Effect of high energy diet on early lactation in cross-bred cows. M.V.Sc. Thesis. Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode.
Farahani, T.A., Amanlou, H., Farsuni, N.E. and Kazemi-Bonchenari, M. 2019. Interactions of protein levels fed to Holstein cows pre-and postpartum on productive and metabolic responses. Journal of Dairy Science. 102(1):246-259.
Girdhar, N. and Balaraman, N. 2005. Nutrient utilisation, balances of Ca, P and N in lactating crossbred cows fed berseem fodder based total mixed ration containing different levels of energy and protein. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 75: 47-51.
Goff, J.P. and Horst, R.L. 1997. Physiological changes at parturition and their relationship to metabolic disorders. Journal of Dairy Science. 80(7):1260-1268.
Greenfield, R.B., Cecava, M.J., Johnson, T.R. and Donkin, S.S. 2000. Impact of dietary protein amount and rumen undegradability on intake, peripartum liver triglyceride, plasma metabolites, and milk production in transition dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science. 83(4):703-710.
ICAR. 2013. Nutrient requirements of Animals-cattle and buffalo. 3rd Edn. Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
Ingvartsen, K.L., Dewhurst, R.J. and Friggens, N.C. 2003. On the relationship between lactational performance and health: is it yield or metabolic imbalance that cause production diseases in dairy cattle? A position paper. Livestock Production Science. 83(2-3):277-308.
IS:1224. 1977. Determination of fat by Gerber’s Method part 1. Milk (First Revision), Indian Standards Institution, New Delhi.
Jayaprakash, G. 2016. Performance of early lactating crossbred cows at different ratio of concentrate and roughage. M.V.Sc. Thesis. Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Pookode, Kerala.
Larsen, M., Lapierre, H. and Kristensen, N.B. 2014. Abomasal protein infusion in postpartum transition dairy cows: Effect on performance and mammary metabolism. Journal of Dairy Science. 97(9):5608-5622.
LeBlanc, S.J. 2006. Monitoring programs for transition dairy cows. In Proceedings of the 26th World Biuatrics Congress, Nice (pp. 460-472).
Rafiee-Yarandi, H., Alikhani, M., Ghorbani, G.R., Heydari, M. and Rezamand, P. 2019. Dietary protein level and corn processing method: Intake, digestibility, and feeding behavior of lactating dairy cows. Livestock Science. 221:9-27.
Ruska, D. and Jonkus, D. 2020. Relationship between feed protein content and faeces nitrogen content in early lactation dairy cows. Acta Fytotechn Zootechn. 23:216-221.
Santos, J.E.P., De Peters, E.J., Jardon, P.W. and Huber, J.T. 2001. Effect of prepartum dietary protein level on performance of primigravid and multiparous Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science. 84(1):213-224.
Valiente, S.L., Maresca, S., Rodriguez, A.M., Palladino, R.A., Lacau-Mengido, I.M., Long, N.M. and Quintans, G. 2018. Effect of protein restriction of Angus cows during late gestation: Subsequent reproductive performance and milk yield. The Professional Animal Scientist. 34(3):261-268.
Wadhwa, M., Kaushal, S., Bakshi, M.P.S. and Parmar, O.S. 2005. Assessment of nutritional status of lactating crossbred cows. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition. 22(3): 144-151.
Zhai, S.W., Liu, J.X., Wu, Y.M., Ye, J.A. and Xu, Y.N. 2006. Responses of milk urea nitrogen content to dietary crude protein level and degradability in lactating Holstein dairy cows. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 51(12): 518-522.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright remains with the society and author jointly. However, material can be used for research, teaching and to achieve goals of the society.
