Comparative Evaluation of Rumen Responses, Blood and Serum Indices in Murrah Buffaloes, Vrindavani and Tharparkar Cattle on a Similar Diet
71 / 17
Authors
-
Narayana Rathode
-
A. K. Verma
-
Anju Kala
-
Payal Agarwal
-
H. Rahman
-
L. C. Chaudhary
Animal Nutrition DivisionIndian Veterinary Research InstituteIzatnagar-243122
Keywords:
Murrah buffalo, Vrindavani, Tharparkar, Rumen fermentation, Real time PCRAbstract
Rumen microbial ecosystem is a complex, highly diversified microenvironment comprised of bacteria, protozoa, archaea, fungi and phages which enables ruminants to utilize poor quality fibrous feed. Comparison between cattle and buffalo for the rumen metabolism is challenging and interesting to understand.With this background information, the present study has been carried out by conducting a feeding trial of 120 days to compare rumen fermentation, microbial profile and blood indices in Murrah buffalo (n=6), Vrindavani (n=6) and Tharparkar (n=6) cattle on a similar diet. The daily dry matter intake (kg/d) was higher (P<0.001) in Murrah buffaloes and Vrindavani as compared to Tharparkar. The mean pH was significantly lower (P<0.01) in the Vrindavani cattle as compared to Murrah buffalo and Tharparkar cattle. The rumen NH3-N concentration was higher (P<0.001) in Murrah buffalo group. Whereas the total volatile fatty acid(TVFA) and propionate production was higher (P<0.05) in Vrindavani as compared to remaining two groups. With respect to the lactic acid concentration, there was no difference among the species neither at 0 nor at 2 h post feeding; however, there was a significant increase in rumen lactic acid concentration at 2 h post feeding in all the groups. The activity of rumen microbial enzymes viz., CMCase and avicelase was higher (P<0.001) in Murrah buffalo as compared to other two groups, however, amylase and protease activities were similar between Murrah buffalo and Vrindavani. The population of protozoa as assessed by microscopic counting and RT-PCR was lower (P<0.05) in Vrindavani. The population density of rumen total bacteria, fungi, methanogen and Prevotellaruminicola was similar in all the species. The number of total bacteria, total methanogens, total fungi and P.ruminicola were comparable (P>0.05) among the three groups i.e. Murrah buffalo, Vrindavani and Tharparkar cattle. The values of blood indices (bio-chemicals, enzymes) were similar in all the three groups except Hb, PCV which was higher in Murrah buffalo.
References
Abdullah, N., Nolan, J. V., Mahyuddin, M. and Jalaludin, S. 1992. Digestion and nitrogen conservation in cattle and buffaloes given rice with or without molasses. Journal of Agricultural Science, Cambridge. 119: 255-263.
Agarwal N., Kamra, D. N., Chatterjee, P. N., Kumar R and Chaudhary LC. 2009. In vitro methanogenesis, microbial profile and fermentation of green forages with buffalo rumen liquor as influenced by 2- Bromoethanesulphonic acid. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science.21: 818-823.
Agarwal, N., Agarwal, I., Kamra, D.N. and Chaudhary, L.C. 2000. Diurnal variations in the activities of hydrolytic enzymes in different fractions of rumen contents of Murrah buffalo. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 18: 73-80.
Aggarwal, A., Singh, S.V., Badrealam, K.F. and Kumar, A. 2016. Haematological and Hormonal Profile of Various Breeds of Cattle and Buffalo under Varied Seasons and Environmental Conditions. . ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal. 146: 47.
AOAC. 1995. Method 991.42 & 993.19. Official methods of analysis (16th ed.). Washington, DC: Association of Official Analytical Chemists.
Barker, S.B. and Summerson, W.H. 1941. The colorimetric determination of lactic acid in biological material. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 138: 535-554.
Bhatia, S. K., Pradhan, K., Sangwan, D. C., Singh S. and Sagar V. 1995. Ruminal degradation of fibrous component of various feeds in cattle and buffalo. Indian Journal of Animal Science. 65: 208.
Bird, S. H. 1991. Role of protozoa in relation to the nutrition of the host animal. In Recent Advances in the Nutrition of Herbivores (Eds Y. W. Ho, H. K. Wong, N. Abdullah & Z. A. Tajuddin).Malaysian Society of Animal Production. 171-180.
Budhi, S. P. S., Widyobroto, B. P., Reksohadiprodjo, S., Orskov, E. R. and Soeyono, M. 2003. New Concept of Feed Evaluation in the Tropic. Final Report Graduate Team Reseacrh Grant. Faculty of Animal Science, GadjahMada University, 1412.
Chanthakhoun, V., Wanapat, M., Kongmun, P. and Cherdthong, A. 2012. Comparison of ruminal fermentation characteristics and microbial population in swamp buffalo and cattle. Livestock Science. 143: 172-176.
Cottyn, B.G. and Boucque, C.V. 1968. Rapid method for the gas-chromatographic determination of volatile fatty acids in rumen fluid. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 16: 105-107.
Dahdf. 20th Livestock Census. All India Report 2019.
Dehority, B. A. 2003. Rumen microbiology. Thrumpton: Nottingham University Press, pp. 372.
Franzolin, M. H. T., Silveira, A. C. and Franzolin, R. 2002. The effects of diet with different levels of detergent fiber neutral and pore size nylon bags incubated in the rumen on ruminal fauna in buffalo and cattle. RevistaBrasileira de Zootecnia. 31: 716-723.
Hristov, A.N., McAllister, T.A. and Cheng, K.J. 1999. Effect of diet, digesta processing, freezing and extraction procedure on carboxy-methyl cellulase, xylanase and amylase activities of rumen contents. Canadian Journal of Animal Science. 79: 73-81.
ICAR, 2013. Nutrient Requirements of Cattle & Buffalo. Indian council of agricultural research, New Delhi, India. 1: 59.
Iqbal, M.W., Zhang, Q., Yang, Y., Li, L., Zou, C., Huang, C. and Lin, B. 2018. Comparative study of rumen fermentation and microbial community differences between water buffalo and Jersey cows under similar feeding conditions. Journal of Applied Animal Research. 46: 740-748.
Jain, N.C. 1986. Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology, 4th ed., Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
Janssen, P.H. and Kirs, M. 2008. Structure of the archaeal community of the rumen. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 74:3619–3625.
Kala, A., Kamra, D.N., Agarwal, N. and Chaudhary, L.C. 2020. Effect of a Blend of Commercial Ajwain (Trachyspermumammi) Oil and Nitrate on the Fermentation and Microbial Profile of Buffalo Rumen. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology.20: 141-153.
Kamra, D.N., Sawal, R.K., Pathak, N.N., Kewalramani, N. and Agarwal, N. 1991. Diurnal variation in ciliate protozoa in the rumen of black buck (Antilopecervicapra) fed green forage. Lettersin Applied Microbiology. 13: 165–167.
Kaneko, J.J., Harvey, J.W. and Bruss, M.L. 1997. Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. (5th Edn.). 885-905.
Karma, D.N. 2015. ICAR-National Professorial Chair Project Report, 1-27.
Kennedy, P. M. 1980. The effects of dietary sucrose and the concentration of plasma urea and rumen ammonia on the degradation of urea in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle. British Journal of Nutrition. 43: 125-140.
Kennedy, P. M., John, A., Schlink, A. C. and Waterhouse, D. 1987. Comparative nutrition of cattle and swamp buffaloes given rice straw-based diet. 1. Digestion and intake. In Herbivore Nutrition Research (Ed. M. Rose), Brisbane: Occasional Publication, Proc. Australian Society of Animal Production.165-166
Kennedy, P. M., McSweeney, C. S. and Foulkes, D. 1992. Intake and digestion in swamp buffaloes and cattle. 1. The digestion of rice straw (Oryzasativa). Journal of Agricultural Science. 119: 227–242.
Kumar, S., Dagar, S.S., Sirohi,S.K., Upadhyay,R.C. and Puniya,A.K. 2013. Microbial profiles, in vitro gas production, dry matter digestibility based on various ratios of roughage to concentrate. Annual Review of Microbiology. 63: 541–45.
Kumar, S., Singh, S. and Bhatia, S. K. 2002. Microbial and biochemical changes in the rumen of cattle and buffalo fed oat hay-concentrate diet. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition. 19: 78- 80.
Myer, P.R., Smith,T.P.L., Wells,J.E., Kuehn, L.A., Freetly,H.C. and Forster, R.J. 2015. Rumen microbiome from steers differing in feed efficiency. PLoS One. 10: e0129174.
NDDB, Annual Report. 2018-19. National Dairy Development Board, India.
Oser, B.L. 1979. Hawk's physiological Chemistry. Tata Mcgrew Hill Publishing Co. Ltd., New Delhi, India.
Parmar, N.R., Pandit, P.D., Purohit, H.J., Kumar, J.N. and Joshi, C.G. 2017. Influence of diet composition on cattle rumen methanogenesis: a comparative metagenomic analysis in Indian and exotic cattle. Indian Journal of Microbiology. 57: 226-234.
Rebhun, W.C. and Guard, C. 2000. Disease of Dairy Cattle. Editoral ROCCA, São Paulo. 642.
Sinha,S.K., Chaturvedi,V.B., Singh, P., Chaudhary, L.C., Ghosh, M. andShivani, S. 2017. Effect of high and low roughage total mixed ration diets on rumen metabolites and enzymatic profiles in Vrindavani cattle and buffaloes. Veterinary World. 10: 616-622.
Sivkova, K., Trufchev, H. and Varliakov, I. 1997. Comparative studies on fermentation processes in the rumen and blood content of calves and buffalo calves I. Effect on diet, containing alfalfa haylage. World Buffalo Congress, 5. Caserta, Proceedings… Caserta, pp. 312–316.
SPSS, 2010. Statistical packages for Social Sciences, Version 20, SPSS Inc., Illinois, USA
Tewatia, B. S. and Bhatia, S. K. 1998. Comparative ruminal biochemical and digestion related physiological characteristics in buffaloes and cattle fed a fibrous diet. Buffalo Journal. 14: 161–170.
Tiwari, C.M., Chandramoni, A.S., Jadhao, J.B., Gowda, S.K. and Khan, M.Y. 2001. Studies on blood biochemical constituents and rumen fermentation in growing buffalo calves fed ammoniated straw-based rations supplemented with different protein sources. Animal Feed Science and Technology.89: 119–130.
Trufchev, H., Sivkova, K. and Zankova, M. 1997. Comparative studies on fermentation processes in the rumen and blood content of calves and buffalo calves. II. Effect on diet, containing maize silage. World Buffalo Congress, 5. Caserta, Proceedings… Caserta, pp. 312–316.
Tumbleson, M. E., Badger, T. M., Patricia Baker, C. and Hutcheson D.P. 1972. Systemic oscillations of serum biochemical haematologic parameters in Sinclair (s-1) miniature swine. Journal of AnimalScience. 35:48.
Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B. and Lewis, B.A. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science. 74: 3583-3597.
Wanapat, M. 2009. Potential uses of local feed resources for ruminants. Tropical Animal Health and Production. 41: 1035-49.
Wanapat, M. and Pimpa, O. 1999. Effect of ruminal NH3-N levels on ruminal fermentation, purine derivatives, digestibility and rice straw intake in swamp buffaloes. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science. 12: 904–907.
Wanapat, M., Gunun, P., Anantasook, N. and Kang, S. 2014. Changes of rumen pH, fermentation and microbial population as influenced by different ratios of roughage (rice straw) to concentrate in dairy steers. Journal of Agricultural Science. 152: 675.
Wanapat, M., Ngarmsang, A., Korkhuntot, S., Nontaso, N., Wachirapakorn, C., Beakes, G. and Rowlinson, P. 2000. A comparative study on the rumen microbial population of cattle and swamp buffalo raised under traditional village conditions in the northeast of Thailand. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science. 13: 918-921.
Wanapat, W., Pilajun, R. and Kongmun, P. 2009. Ruminal ecology of swamp buffalo as influenced by dietary sources. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 151: 205–214.
Wang, Q., Gao, X., Yang, Y., Zou, C., Yang, Y. and Lin, B. 2020. A comparative study on rumen ecology of water buffalo and cattle calves under similar feeding regime. Veterinary Medicineand Science.6: 746-754.
Weatherburn, M.W. 1967. Phenol hypochlorite reaction for determination of ammonia. Analytical Chemistry. 39: 971-974
Wora-anu, S. 2006. Study on predominant ruminal cellulolytic bacteria in ruminants under various rumen ecology. PhD Diss. KhonKaen, Thailand: KhonKaen University.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright remains with the society and author jointly. However, material can be used for research, teaching and to achieve goals of the society.
