Influence of Silage Additives on In Vitro Rumen Fermentation Pattern of Wheat Straw and Green Maize Silage
73 / 11
Authors
-
S.Y.Belim
M.V.Sc. ScholarDepartment of Animal Nutrition,College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry,Kamdhenu University, Junagadh
-
H. H. Savsani
-
M. R. Chavda
-
M. D. Odedra
-
D. D. Garg
-
V.K. Karangiya
-
Y. G. Kansagara
Keywords:
In vitro rumen fermentation, L. Fermentum, L. plantarum, Wheat straw, XylanaseAbstract
The current investigation was conducted to study various combinations of biological and chemical additives on in vitro rumen fermentation parameters of wheat straw and green maize silage. Different silages were prepared using green maize fodder and wheat straw in the proportion of 10:0 & 7:3 ratio in plastic jar of 3 kg capacity (3 replication in each) by adding common salt @ 0.5%, urea @1% and molasses @ 1.5% in each silages with seven different treatments viz. Control (only green maize), WS (green maize and wheat straw in 7:3 ratio), X (WS added with Xylanase), LP (WS added with L. plantarum), LF (WS added with L. fermentum), LPLF (WS added with both bacterial inoculants) and XLPLF (WS added with Xylanase and both bacterial inoculants). Xylanase, L. plantarum and L. fermentum were used @ 1500 IU/g, 1 x 106 cfu/g and 2 x 106 cfu/g, respectively. All silages were used for in vitro study after 45 days of ensiling. The result showed that significantly (p<0.05) higher TVFA content was noticed in Xylanase inoculated silage during in vitro rumen fermentation. Values of in vitro rumen ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total nitrogen (Total N) were found significantly (p<0.01) higher in L. plantarum and combination of L. plantarum and L. fermentum inoculated silage. IVDMD was noticed significantly (p<0.05) higher in Xylanase inoculated silage. Also, IVOMD and total gas production were significantly (p<0.01) higher in Xylanase treated silage. Partitioning factor (PF) was observed significantly (p<0.01) lower in Xylanase inoculated silage. Thus, keeping in mind, advantage of Xylanase inoculated silage during rumen fermentation it is inferred that Xylanase can be used as additive when maize and wheat straw are principal fodder for silage production in the ratio of 7:3 for maximum nutrient utilisation.
References
Aboudi, K., Alvarez-Gallego, C. J. and Romero-García, L. I. 2016. Biomethanization of sugar beet byproduct by semi-continuous single digestion and co-digestion with cow manure. Bioresource Technology. 200: 311-319.
AOAC (2005). Official methods of analysis of the association of official analytical chemists. 18th edition. Horwitz William Publication, Washington DC, USA. P: 71
Banerjee, G. C. (2019). Conservation of forage crops. In: Principles of Animal Nutrition and Feeds. 2nd edition. Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. Delhi. pp: 35-51.
Barnett, A. J. G. and Reid, R. L. (1957). Studies on the production of VFA from grass by rumen liquor in artificial rumen. Journal of Agricultural Science. 48: 315-321.
Ce, L. I. U., Lai, Y. J., Lu, X. N., Guo, P. T. and Luo, H. L. (2016). Effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculants on alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage quality: assessment of degradation (in situ) and gas production (in vitro). Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 15(12): 2834-2841.
Chauhan, N., Singh, D., Kumari, N. and Tyagi, N. (2021). Impact of lactic acid bacteria and enzymes on the fermentation processes of sugarcane tops silage at a particular time interval. The Pharma Innovation Journal. 10(2): 332-336.
Conway, E. J. (1957). Micro-Diffusion Analysis and Volumetric Error, 4th edition. Crossby Lockwood and Sons Ltd., University press, Glasgow.
Dakore, S. (2018). Effect of bacterial inoculants and exogenous enzymes on the ensiling characteristic of sugargraze silage and nutrient utilization in crossbred calves. M.V.Sc. Thesis, ICAR-National Dairy Reserch Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Gang, G. U. O., Chen, S. H. E. N., Qiang, L. I. U., Zhang, S. L., Tao, S. H. A. O., Cong, W. A. N. G., Yong-xin W. A. N. G., Qing fang X.U. and Huo, W. J. (2020). The effect of lactic acid bacteria inoculums on in vitro rumen fermentation, methane production, ruminal cellulolytic bacteria populations and cellulase activities of corn stover silage. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 19(3): 838-847.
Hemdane, S., Jacobs, P. J., Dornez, E., Verspreet, J., Delcour, J. A. and Courtin, C. M. (2016). Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) bran in bread making: A critical review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 15(1): 28-42.
Huo, W., Wang, X., Wei, Z., Zhang, H., Liu, Q., Zhang, S., Wang, C., Chen, L., Xu, Q. and Guo, G. (2021). Effect of lactic acid bacteria on the ensiling characteristics and in vitro ruminal fermentation parameters of alfalfa silage. Italian Journal of Animal Science. 20(1): 623-631.
ICAR (2013). Nutrient requirements of animal-cattle and buffalo. 3rd edition Indian council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
Khota, W., Pholsen, S., Higgs, D. and Cai, Y. (2017). Fermentation quality and in vitro methane production of sorghum silage prepared with cellulase and lactic acid bacteria. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Sciences. 30(11): 1568-1574.
Kramer, C. Y. (1957). Extension of multiple range tests to group correlated adjusted means. Biometrics, 13(1):13-18.
Kung Jr., L. (2010) A Review on Silage Additives and Enzymes. Department of Animal and Food Sciences University of Delaware Newark, DE 19717-1303.
Lee, K., Marbun, T. D., Kim, S., Song, J., Kwon, C. H., Yoon, D., Kang, J., Lee, C., Cho, S. and Kim, E. J. (2020). Effect of lactic acid bacteria treatment on nutritive value and in vitro ruminal fermentation of italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum L.) Silage. Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 40(3): 182-189.
Marbun, T. D., Lee, K., Song, J., Kwon, C. H., Yoon, D., Lee, S. M., Kang, J. Lee, C., Cho, S. and Kim, E. J. (2020). Effect of lactic acid bacteria on the nutritive value and in vitro ruminal digestibility of maize and rice straw silage. Applied Sciences. 10(21): 7801.
Menke, K. H. and Steingass, H. (1988) Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research and Development. 28: 7-55.
Mocherla, V. A. N., Suryanarayana and Kavitha, P. 2017. Role of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes in ruminant digestion – a review. In: International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science. 6(11):1400-1408.
Oskoueian, E., Jahromi, M. F., Jafari, S., Shakeri, M., Le, H. H. and Ebrahimi, M. (2021). Manipulation of Rice Straw Silage Fermentation with Different Types of Lactic Acid Bacteria Inoculant Affects Rumen Microbial Fermentation Characteristics and Methane Production. Veterinary Sciences. 8(6): 100.
Reddy, N., and Yang, Y. (2005). Biofibers from agricultural byproducts for industrial applications. TRENDS in Biotechnology. 23(1): 22-27.
Snedecore, G. and Cochran, W. (1994). Statistical Methods. 8th edition. Oxford and IBH. New Delhi. P: 503.
Tilley, J. M. A. and Terry, D. R. (1963). A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Grass and Forage Science. 18(2): 104-111.
Weinberg, Z. G. and Muck, R. E. (1996). New trends and opportunities in the development and use of inoculants for silage. In: FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 19(1):53–68.
Yadav, S. K. (2018). The effect of Lactic acid bacterial inoculants and exogenous enzymes on maize silage quality and nutrient utilisation in buffalo calves. M.V.Sc. Thesis, ICAR-National Dairy Reserch Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright remains with the society and author jointly. However, material can be used for research, teaching and to achieve goals of the society.
