Aerial diseases and their management in Cuminum cyminum L.: A review

Abstract

Abstract
Cumin, commonly known as Jeera and scientifically known as Cuminum cyminum an annual and one of the most
important spice crop that is more prone to several diseases among which the aerial diseases cause ruthless damage
to its yield and quality. Aerial diseases are those diseases which cause de-formalities in above ground system of the
plant and may include stem, leaves, flower, seed, fruit etc. They may also disturb the translocation of water, food and
minerals. The threats of Aerial disease are epidemics in crop production, high cost of chemical fungicides and
development of fungicide resistance, climate change, new disease outbreaks and increasing concerns regarding
environmental as well as soil health are becoming high. These demand the use of integrated approaches to address
aerial disease management strategies for the crop. This article summarized the methods for management of aerial
diseases in crop production which included legal methods, resistant cultivars, sanitation cropping system, biological
control, soil amendments, soil fertility, weather parameters, plant nutrients, and chemical control. Decision support
systems developed to predict disease allow choosing good management methods such as the use of healthy seeds,
cultural practices and biological control agents for each aerial cumin disease. The complexity in interactions between a
pathogen and its host, influenced by biotic and abiotic factors of the environment, build the control of the diseases
frequently very hard. However, profound awareness of host-pathogen systems allows constructing integrated pest
management systems enhances the production of good quantity as well as quality seed