Turning Waste into Fiber: Creating a Sustainable Alternative with Casein Protein from Expired Milk
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Authors
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Yiren Hou, MS
Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Md Mazbah Uddin
Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Abhyuday Mandal
Department of Statistics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Suraj Sharma, PhD
2Department of Textiles, Merchandising and Interiors, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
Keywords:
Beeswax; Casein; Cellulose Nanofibrils; Ordinal Logistic Regression; Orthogonal ArraysAbstract
The milk and clothing industries produce substantial waste. However, this wasted or expired milk can be reused due to its composition, specifically
a milk protein called casein. The milk fiber created from casein is a sustainable alternative to other textiles. This research aims to find the optimal
process for making a strong milk fiber. Following environmentally friendly steps in creating the milk fiber, various additives were used in the dope
for fiber extrusion. These additives or predictors, assigned with different weight concentrations, include casein powder, cellulose nanofibril, beeswax,
and corn protein zein. An orthogonal array-based maximin design was identified for this project. Experiments were conducted following this plan.
Qualitative observations of the extruded fiber were recorded and classified as an ordinal categorical response with three levels for strength. Under
ordinal logistic regression, beeswax and casein have a greater effect on the strength, while cellulose nanofibrils exhibit a quadratic relationship with
the strength of the fiber.
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