Scope for large-scale economic cultivation of mustard (Brassica juncea l.) in non-traditional areas of Karnataka

Abstract

India faces a persistent shortfall between domestic demand and supply of edible oils, resulting in large-scale imports
exceeding Rs. 120000 crore annually. Among the nine major oilseed crops cultivated in the country, rapeseed-mustard
(Brassica spp.) contributes nearly one-third of total edible oil production. Traditionally confined to the Northern and
Eastern plains, mustard exhibits wide agro-ecological adaptability, modest water requirements (80-240 mm), and
compatibility with diverse cropping systems, including rainfed/limited irrigation conditions. This paper reviews the
potential for expanding mustard cultivation into non-traditional areas, particularly in Karnataka. The review synthesizes
historical and contemporary initiatives - ranging from All India Coordinated Research Project on Rapeseed-Mustard
(AICRP-RM) trials to farmer-participatory feasibility studies-to evaluate agronomic performance, varietal adaptability,
and yield potential. Preliminary results from trials conducted between 2017-18 and 2021-22 indicate promising yields (up
to 17.0 q ha-
¹) under irrigated conditions, suggesting that mustard could serve as a viable rabi crop in parts of Karnataka.
Future prospects include scaling up cultivation through more trials, varietal improvement and development of reliable
marketing channels.