Genetic insights into phosphorus use efficiency and resilience in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss)
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Authors
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Priyanka Upadhyay
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India
Author
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Mehak Gupta
Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India
Author
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Simarjeet Kaur Sra
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Author
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Gurdeep Cheema
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Author
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Virender K Sardana
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Author
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Javed Akhatar
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Author
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Gurpreet Kaur1
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India
Author
Keywords:
BjDFFS, Brassica juncea, genetic variability, nutrient stress, yield traitsAbstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency is a major constraint limiting productivity of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern &
Coss.). The present study was conducted to assess phenotypic variability and phosphorus use efficiency (PUE) in a
Diversity Fixed Foundation Set (BjDFFS) comprising 280 genotypes under three phosphorus regimes, viz., control (0 kg
P2O5ha-¹), low phosphorus (15 kg P2O5ha-¹) and normal phosphorus (30 kg P2O5ha-¹) at PAU, Ludhiana in an alpha lattice
design with two replications. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among genotypes, phosphorus
levels and their interactions for most yield and yield-related traits. Mean seed yield per plant increased from 7.30g under
control to 8.61g under normal phosphorus, while number of siliquae on main shoot increased from 28.84 to 39.47,
indicating strong responsiveness to phosphorus supply. High variability was observed for seed yield and branching
traits, suggesting scope for selection. Genotypes such as RGN-48, RB-50, CN-101846 and DINGAHINI exhibited superior
performance under low phosphorus conditions. The study highlights substantial genetic variability and identifies
promising genotypes for improving phosphorus use efficiency and developing nutrient-efficient mustard cultivars
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