Bioactive Potential of Different Solvent Extracts of Some Woody and Fleshy Mushrooms

Abstract

A plate culture and disc diffusion method was performed to evaluate the bioactive potential of 20 different types of naturally growing  mushrooms collected from different locations like gardens, plantations and protected habitats of Bhubaneswar, Odisha. These mushrooms belongs to Clavaria, Coltricia, Coniophora, Daldinia, Fomitopsis, Geastrum, Grifola, Langermannia, Lentinus, Lycoperdon, Microporous, Peniophora, Pisolithus, Polyporous, Schizophyllum, Suillus, Tramets and Tricholoma. Extracts were prepared by using distilled water, methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, acetone and chloroform. The concentrated extracts were used for the preparation of bioactive biodisc and placed singly on the media plates, inoculated with bacteria and fungus separately and incubated for 24hr and 4 days, respectively. Observation was recorded for the clear zone of inhibition against the biodisc as indicator of growth inhibition due to bioactive compounds extracted from the individual mushroom fruit bodies. Data recorded on zone formation around the bioactive biodisc exhibited the antibacterial properties of Coniophora puteana, Grifola frondosa, Peniophora incarnate, Schizophyllum commune and Tramets versicolor against gram negative bacteria where as most of the fleshy mushrooms showed antimicrobial properties except Lycoperdon pyriformi, Pisolithus arrhizus. Among tested mushroom species, no one found with antifungal properties. The preliminary study on screening of bioactive potential of these mushrooms revealed the suitability of different solvent system for extraction of bioactive compounds.