Cryptogam Diversity and Formation of Soil Crusts in Temperate Desert

Abstract

This review is based on researches carried out in temperate deserts in central Asia and China. According to recent reports from Chinese desert, cyanobacteria and algae have high tolerance to soil disturbance in comparison to bryophytes and lichen. The development and colonization of bryophyte species are positively associated with the moisture in top.soil. Lichen crust occurs when soil surface is stable and undisturbed. There are about 24 species of algae and cyanobacteria, 13 bryophyte species and 4 lichen species reported from crust-components of Chinese deserts. The restoration of cryptogamic species can be facilitated by revegetation and other approaches of dune stabilization, as well as reasonable utilization of arid land. Cryptogam associated with crusts has important role in combating desertification and has potential value for application in human life. It will be a challenge for us, as to how to use and protect this important biological resource in the arid and semi-arid areas.