Effect of Energy Fortification and Functional Nutrient Multi-component Supplementation in Peripartum HFX and Deoni Cows on Post Partum Performance
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Authors
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Kambham sudha rani
Sri venkateswara veterinary university
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4902-4460
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Bandla
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S.B.N Rao
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M. Chandrasekharaiah
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I. J. Reddy
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Muralidhar Metta
Keywords:
Calf birth weight, Colostrum IgG, Functional nutrient supplement, Prepartum nutrition, Transition cowAbstract
This study examined whether prepartum close-up period energy fortification (+10% dietary gross energy via glycerol, jaggery, or maize) combined with a multicomponent functional nutrient supplement (FNS: niacin ~12 g/d, omega-3 fatty acids ~40 g/d, Se 0.3 ppm, Cu 20, Zn 60, Co 0.11, I 0.4 mg/kg DM and Cr 5 mg/d) influences colostrum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration, calf birth weight, fetal membrane expulsion time (FMET), and early lactation milk yield in HF-crossbred (HFX) and indigenous Deoni cows. Thirty-two prepartum cows (16 HFX, 16 Deoni; 3rd–5th parity; 35 ± 5 d pre-calving) were assigned to 2 (breed) × 2 (FNS: ± supplement) × 4 (energy source) factorial arrangement. Colostrum IgG was estimated from colostrometer-derived specific gravity. Day-0 colostrum IgG showed significant Energy × Breed (P = 0.001) and Energy × FNS (P = 0.001) interactions; FNS-supplemented HFX cows averaged 61.81 mg/mL compared to 56.30 mg/mL in unsupplemented Deoni cows. IgG declined steeply by day 1 (~44%) and no treatment differences were detectable from days 1–4. HFX calves were ~49% heavier at birth than Deoni calves (P < 0.001), and FNS supplementation improved calf birth weight by ~8% overall (12% in HFX, 5% in Deoni; P < 0.001). FMET was 38 min shorter in Deoni than HFX cows (P < 0.001), with FNS showing a borderline tendency to hasten expulsion (P = 0.08). Milk yield was overwhelmingly governed by breed genetics. No metabolic disease or calf mortality was recorded. These results suggest that FNS supplementation during the close-up period enhances colostrum quality and calf vigour in crossbred dairy cows.
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