Synthesis and area-wide validation of IPM technology and its economic analysis for eggplant (Solanum melongena)
![](/public/icon/gor.png)
![](/public/icon/pdf.png)
Keywords:
Eggplant, Economics, Farmers’ participation, Natural enemies, PestsAbstract
Field experiments were conducted during 2019–21 in Varanasi, Mirzapur and Bhadohi districts of Uttar Pradesh, with a view to study validation and economic viability of IPM technology in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) in a farmers’ driven approach. The synthesized improved IPM technology comprising seed treatment with Trichoderma viride @5 g/kg seed; seedling root dip in carbendazim 50 wp @1 g/l followed by chlorantraniliprole 18.5 sc @0.5 ml/l solution against seed borne diseases and shoot and fruit borer, respectively, clipping of borer damaged shoots at weekly interval, installation of pheromone traps @25–30 traps/ha for mass trapping of brinjal shoot and fruit borer (BSFB), need based spray (ETL>5%) of chlorantraniliprole 18.5 sc @0.35 ml/l or emamectin benzoate 5 SG @0.4 g/l or fenpropathrin 30 ec @0.33 ml/l against BSFB, installation of yellow sticky traps, application of Azadirachtin 0.03% @5 ml/l and need based spray of thiamethoxam 25 wg @0.4 g/l or fenpropathrin 30 ec @0.33 ml/l against sucking pests like whiteflies and hoppers, collection and destruction of borer and Phomopsis blight infected fruits, Sclerotinia white rot infected twigs and branches and little leaf affected plants periodically, need based application of carbendazim 50 wp @0.5 g/l for management of Phomopsis blight and white rot, were found effective in reducing the incidence of pests and minimizing the yield losses. The adoption of IPM technology also resulted in reducing the number of chemical sprays to 10 from 21–24 in farmers’ practices (FP) fields in a season with higher fruit yields of 51.1 and 45.3 t/ha in IPM, 39.6 and 33.7 t/ha in FP and 25.7 and 20.4 t/ha in untreated control fields with higher incremental benefit cost (B:C) ratio of 4.61:1 and 4.86:1 in IPM than 3.16:1, 3.24:1 in non-IPM and 2.53:1, 2.42:1 in untreated control plots during 2019–20 and 2020–21, respectively.
Downloads
References
Halder J and Banik B. 2013. Botanicals in crop protection. Concepts in Crop Protection. Susanta Banik (Eds), pp. 335–72, Published by Studium Press (India) Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
Halder J, Kushwaha D, Rai A B, Singh A and Singh B. 2017. Potential of entomopathogens and neem oil against two emerging insect pests of vegetables. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 87(2): 220–24.
Halder J, Sardana H R, Pandey M K, Nagendran K and Bhat M N. 2020. Synthesis and validation IPM technology and its economic analysis for bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 90(2): 341–45.
IRAC. 2017. Mode of Action, Classification Scheme. Issued March 2017, Version 8.2, Insecticide Resistance Action Committee, pp. 1–26.
Kaur J J, Rao D K, Sahgal S S and Seth R K. 2001. Effect of hexane extract of neem seed kernel on development and reproduction behaviour of Spodoptera litura. Annals of Plant Protection Sciences 9: 171–78.
Kodandaram M H, Rai A B and Halder J. 2010. Novel insecticides for management of insect pests in vegetable crops: a review. Vegetable Science 37(2): 109–23.
Rai A B, LoganathanM, Halder J, Venkataravanappa V and Naik P S. 2014. Eco-friendly approaches for sustainable management of vegetable pests. IIVR Technical Bulletin No. 53, IIVR, Varanasi, pp. 104.
Roy S, Halder J, Singh N, Rai A B, Prasad R N and Singh B. 2017. Do vegetable growers really follow the scientific plant protection measures? An empirical study from eastern Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 87(12): 1668–72.
Sardana H R and Bhat M N. 2017. Farmers’ centred approach for area-wide implementation of sustainable IPM technology and economic analysis of onion (Allium cepa) during rabi season. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 87(1): 83–86.
Singh B K, Pandey R, Singh A K and Dwivedi S V. 2021 Efficacy of certain insecticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee. Indian Journal of Entomology 83. doi:10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00207.2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/0974-8172.2020.00207.2
Sunitha T R. 2007. ‘Insect pests of Capsicum annum var. frutescense and their management’. M Sc thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, Karnataka, India.
Whalen R A, Herbert D A, Malone S, Kuhar T P, Brewster C C and Reisig D D. 2016. Effects of diamide insecticides on predators in soybean. Journal of Economic Entomology 1–6. https://doi:10.1093/jee/tow173 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tow173
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
The copyright of the articles published in The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences is vested with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, which reserves the right to enter into any agreement with any organization in India or abroad, for reprography, photocopying, storage and dissemination of information. The Council has no objection to using the material, provided the information is not being utilized for commercial purposes and wherever the information is being used, proper credit is given to ICAR.