Characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum) genotypes for multiple fungal resistance using functional markers

BHARAT GARG; SHIKHA YASHVEER; JYOTI TAUNK; VIKRAM SINGH; NEERU SINGH REDHU; JAYANTI TOKAS; SAPNA GREWAL; SHALINI MALHOTRA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v93i1.129567

Authors

BHARAT GARG Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4950-8337
SHIKHA YASHVEER Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
JYOTI TAUNK University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9752-7065
VIKRAM SINGH Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4938-1070
NEERU SINGH REDHU Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
JAYANTI TOKAS College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3013-3157
SAPNA GREWAL Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana
SHALINI MALHOTRA Pt Jawahar Lal Nehru Government College, Faridabad, Haryana (Maharishi Dayanand University (MDU), Rohtak)

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i1.129567

Keywords:

Functional markers, Fungal, Rust, Smut, Simple sequence repeats, Wheat

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) encounters 15–20% yield loss due to fungal diseases. A study was carried out to analyse the allelic variations in functional genes associated with multiple fungal disease resistance, viz. rusts, smuts and powdery mildew in 58 contrasting wheat genotypes. The experiments were conducted at Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana during 2020–21. A set of 29 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was selected for screening, out of which 24 markers showed amplifications (82.7%) and 23 showed polymorphism (95.83%) with a total of 46 alleles. Alleles per locus varied from 1 to 3 with a mean of 1.96 alleles per locus. At a similarity coefficient of 0.66, dendrogram grouped all the genotypes into 2 major clusters. Two and three dimensional plots also confirmed the distribution. Results showed that genotypes PBW 725 and WH 1268 were found to be most diverse at a similarity coefficient of 77%. SSR polymorphism rates were analysed using polymorphism information content, expected heterozygosity, marker index, discriminating power and resolving power values, where first two ranged from 0.03–0.65, and later three ranged from 0.03–1.94, 0.03–0.66 and 0.03–2.00, respectively. Based on these results, 8 proficient markers, viz. Barc232, Swm271, Xbarc124, Xbarc32, Xwmc44, Xgwm296, Gpw5029 and Xwmc557 are suggested for Indian wheat fungal disease resistance profiling. Among these, first two markers (Barc232 and Swm271) were detected in most (57) of the genotypes which are associated with ut6 and Lr75 genes, providing resistance to loose smut and leaf rust, respectively. This study can further help in gene pyramiding for producing multiple disease resistant genotypes.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ali Y, Khan M A, Hussain M, Atiq M and Ahmad J N. 2019. An assessment of the genetic diversity in selected wheat lines using molecular markers and PCA based cluster analysis. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17(1): 931–50. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1701_931950

Bagge M, Xia X and Lubberstedt T. 2007. Functional markers in wheat. Current Opinion in Plant Biology 10(2): 211–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2007.01.009

Bobrowska R, Noweiska A, Spychała J, Tomkowiak A, Nawracała J and Kwiatek M T. 2022. Diagnostic accuracy of genetic markers for identification of the Lr46/Yr29 “slow rusting” locus in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Biomolecular Concepts 13(1): 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2022-0002

FAO. 2021. FAO Publications Series 2021.

Figueroa M, Hammond-Kosack K E and Solomon P S. 2018. A review of wheat diseases-A field perspective. Molecular Plant Pathology 19(6): 1523–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.12618

Goutam U, Kukreja S, Yadav R, Salaria N, Thakur K and Goyal A K. 2015. Recent trends and perspectives of molecular markers against fungal diseases in wheat. Frontiers in Microbiology 6: 861. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00861

Hou L, Jia J, Zhang X, Li X, Yang Z, Ma J, Guo H, Zhan H, Qiao L and Chang Z. 2016. Molecular mapping of the stripe rust resistance gene Yr69 on wheat chromosome 2AS. Plant Disease 100(8): 1717–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-05-15-0555-RE

Huerta-Espino J, Singh R P, German S, McCallum B D, Park R F, Chen W Q and Goyeau H. 2011. Global status of wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina. Euphytica 179(1): 143–60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-011-0361-x

Kage U, Kumar A, Dhokane D, Karre S and Kushalappa A C. 2016. Functional molecular markers for crop improvement. Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 36(5): 917–30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3109/07388551.2015.1062743

Kassa M T, Menzies J G and McCartney C A. 2014. Mapping of the loose smut resistance gene Ut6 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Molecular Breeding 33(3): 569–76. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-013-9973-2

Li Y, Lin R, Hu J, Shi X, Qiu D, Wu P, Goitom G H, Wang S, Zhang H, Yang L and Liu H. 2022. Mapping of wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr041133 by BSR-Seq analysis. The Crop Journal 10(2): 447–55. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2021.06.009

Li Y, Yuan X, Yao Q, He M and Jing J. 2010. Genetic analysis and molecular mapping of stripe rust resistance gene in European wheat cultivar Mega. Acta Phytopathologica Sinica 40(1): 51–56.

Liu Y, He Z, Appels R and Xia X. 2012. Functional markers in wheat: current status and future prospects. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 125(1): 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-012-1829-3

Nalam V J, Alam S, Keereetaweep J, Venables B, Burdan D, Lee H, Trick H N, Sarowar S, Makandar R and Shah J. 2015. Facilitation of Fusarium graminearum infection by 9-lipoxygenases in Arabidopsis and wheat. Molecular Plant- Microbe Interactions 28(10): 1142–52. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-04-15-0096-R

Powell W, Morgante M, Andre C, Hanafey M, Vogel J, Tingey S and Rafalski A. 1996. The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers for germplasm analysis. Molecular Breeding 2(3): 225–38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00564200

Prevost A and Wilkinson M J. 1999. A new system of comparing PCR primers applied to ISSR fingerprinting of potato cultivars. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98(1): 107–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051046

Rani R, Singh R and Yadav N R. 2019. Evaluating stripe rust resistance in Indian wheat genotypes and breeding lines using molecular markers. Comptes Rendus Biologies 342(5- 6): 154–74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2019.04.002

Saghai-Maroof M A, Soliman K M, Jorgensen R A and Allard R W L. 1984. Ribosomal DNA spacer-length polymorphisms in barley: Mendelian inheritance, chromosomal location, and population dynamics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 81(24): 8014–18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.81.24.8014

Singh D P, Sharma A K, Karwasra S S, Jain S K, Pant S K, Sharma I, Bala R, Majumdar V L and Bansal R K. 2017. Resistance in Indian wheat and triticale against loose smut caused by Ustilago tritici. Indian Phytopathology 70(1): 131–33. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24838/ip.2017.v70.i1.49003

Singla J, Lüthi L, Wicker T, Bansal U, Krattinger S G and Keller B. 2017. Characterization of Lr75: a partial, broad-spectrum leaf rust resistance gene in wheat. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 130(1): 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-016-2784-1

Sun X, Bai G and Carver B F. 2009. Molecular markers for wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr41. Molecular Breeding 23(2): 311–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11032-008-9237-8

Tessier C, David J, This P, Boursiquot J M and Charrier A. 1999. Optimization of the choice of molecular markers for varietal identification in Vitis vinifera L. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 98(1): 171–77. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s001220051054

Zhang M, Fang T, Zhou X, Chen X, Li X, Feng J, Yang S and Kang Z. 2022.Combination of marker-assisted backcross selection of Yr59 and phenotypic selection to improve stripe rust resistance and agronomic performance in four elite wheat cultivars. Agronomy 12(2): 497. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12020497

Zheng W Y, Zhao L, Li Y M, Li J, Zhu Z H and Yao D N. 2022. Association analysis between Lipoxygenase activity and SSR markers in wheat grains. Cereal Research Communications 50(2): 297–303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42976-021-00168-8

Zhou X L, Wang M N, Chen X M, Lu Y, Kang Z S and Jing J X. 2014. Identification of Yr59 conferring high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in wheat germplasm PI 178759. Theoretical and Applied Genetics 127(4): 935–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-014-2269-z