Biochemical delineation of oat (Avena sativa) accessions for nutritional improvement

RUKOO CHAWLA; MINAKSHI JATTAN; D S PHOGAT; NISHA KUMARI; SANDEEP KUMAR; AMIT SHARMA; DEEKSHA CHAUHAN; NEELAM KUMARI MANDAL

doi:10.56093/ijas.v93i6.136581

Authors

RUKOO CHAWLA CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
MINAKSHI JATTAN CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
D S PHOGAT CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
NISHA KUMARI CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
SANDEEP KUMAR CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
AMIT SHARMA CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana 125 004, India
DEEKSHA CHAUHAN Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur Rajasthan
NEELAM KUMARI MANDAL Government (PG) College, Panchkula Haryana

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v93i6.136581

Keywords:

Cluster analysis, Diversity, Oat, Principal component analysis, Quality

Abstract

Oat (Avena sativa L.) is a unique multifaceted crop used for fodder and grain purpose. It’s grain has tremendous potential to offer health benefits, especially with the heightened emphasis on nutrition and food security. With this aim, quality traits were investigated among 62 oat genotypes, demonstrating significant variation. The biochemical analysis was conducted in laboratory of department of Genetics and Plant Breeding of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during 2019–21. Quality parameters depicted a wide range for seed crude protein (8.16–19.18%), forage crude protein (5.17–11.42%), phenol (0.61–1.22%), beta-glucan content (0.32–7.55%), total soluble sugar (4.90–8.49%), reducing sugar (1.07–4.28%) and non-reducing sugar (2.02–6.38%). The current research covered wide and powerful analytical approaches that helped to underpin the selection of the most promising genotypes and evaluated the contribution of different traits to heterogeneity. Furthermore, non-reducing sugar, reducing sugar and seed crude protein were emerged to be the major contributors of PC1, PC2 and PC3, respectively. The genotypes GP 492, HFO 1107, HFO 1003, HFO 1016, OS 403, HFO1105 and HFO 806 were the best performing based on quality parameters. Promiscuous genotypes can serve as pioneers in oat improvement programs, enabling the enhancement of nutritional value. These insights expand the prospects for the food industry and hence appraise the significance of oats among other cereals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Chawla R, Poonia A and Kumar S. 2022. Recent advances in yield and quality of dual purpose oat. Forage Research 47(4): 383–89.

Chawla R, Jattan M, Phogat D S, Kumari N, Kumar S and Poonia A. 2021. Genetic correlation and path analysis for yield and quality attributes in oat (Avena sativa L.). Biological Forum 13(4): 940–45.

Dubois M, Gilles K A, Hamilton J K, Rebers R A and Smith F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Analytical chemistry 28: 350–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60111a017

Hillis W E and Swain T. 1959. The phenolic constituents of Prunus domestica. II—The analysis of tissues of the Victoria plum tree. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 10(2): 135–44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.2740100211

Ho H V, Sievenpiper J L, Zurbau A, Mejia S B, Jovanovski E, Au-Yeung F and Vuksan V. 2016. The effect of oat β-glucan on LDL-cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and apoB for CVD risk reduction: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised-controlled trials. British Journal of Nutrition 116(8): 1369–82. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451600341X

Horneck D A and Miller R O. 1997. Determination of total nitrogen in plant tissue. Handbook of Reference Methods for Plant Analysis, pp.75–83.

Jolliffe I T and Cadima J. 2016. Principal component analysis: a review and recent developments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374: 20150202. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0202

Kaur S, Bhardwaj R D, Kapoor R and Grewal S K. 2019. Biochemical characterization of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes with high nutritional potential. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft and Technologie 110: 32–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2019.04.063

Klose C and Arendt E K. 2012. Proteins in oats; their synthesis and changes during germination: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 52(7): 629–39. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2010.504902

Markovic S M, Dukic N H, Knezevic D and Lekovic S V. 2017. Divergence of barley and oat varieties according to their content of β-glucan. Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 82(4): 379–88. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2298/JSC1610310010M

Nelson N. 1944. A photometric adaptation of the somogyi method for the determination of glucose. Journal of Biological Chemistry 153: 375. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)71980-7

Oliver R E, Obert D E, Bonman J M and Jackson E W. 2010. Development of oat-based markers from barley and wheat microsatellites. Genome 53(6): 458–71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/G10-021

Pino J L, Mujica V and Arredondo M. 2021. Effect of dietary supplementation with oat β-glucan for 3 months in subjects with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Journal of Functional Foods 77: 104311. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2020.104311

Prates L L and Yu P. 2017. Detect unique molecular structure associated with physiochemical properties in CDC varieties of oat grain with unique nutrient traits [Feed Type vs. Milling Type] in comparison with barley grain using advanced molecular spectroscopy as a non-destructive biological tool. Journal of Cereal Science 74: 37–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcs.2017.01.006

Rodehutscord M, Ruckert C, Maurer H P, Schenkel H, Schipprack W, Bach Knudsen K E and Mosnthin R. 2016. Variation in chemical composition and physical characteristics of cereal grains from different genotypes. Archives of Animal Nutrition 70(2): 87–107. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1745039X.2015.1133111

Ross S M, King J R, O'Donovan J T and Spaner D. 2004. Forage potential on intercropping berseem clover with barley, oat or triticale. Journal of Agronomy 96(4): 1013–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.1013

Sharma A, Yadav R, Sheoran R, Kaushik D, Mohanta T K, Sharma K, Yadav A, Dhanda P S and Kaushik P. 2023. Estimation of heterosis and the combining ability effect for yield and its attributes in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) using PCA and GGE biplots. Horticulturae 9(2): 256. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9020256

Sheoran S, Kumar S, Ramtekey V, Kar P, Meena R S and Jangir C K. 2022. Current status and potential of biofortification to enhance crop nutritional quality: An overview. Sustainability 14(6): 3301. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063301

Smulders M J, Van de Wiel C C, Van den Broeck H C, Van der Meer I M, Israel-Hoevelaken T P M, Timmer R D and Gilissen L J. 2018. Oats in healthy gluten-free and regular diets: A perspective. Food Research International 110: 3–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.031

Somogyi M. 1945. A new reagent for the determination of sugars. Journal of Biological Chemistry 160: 61–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(18)43097-9

Sterna V, Zute S and Brunava L. 2016. Oat grain composition and its nutrition benefice. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 8: 252–56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2016.02.100

Storsrud S, Hulthen L R and Lenner R A. 2003. Beneficial effects of oats in the gluten-free diet of adults with special reference to nutrient status, symptoms and subjective experiences. British Journal of Nutrition 90(1): 101–07. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN2003872

Tiwari U and Cummins E. 2011. Meta-analysis of the effect of β-glucan intake on blood cholesterol and glucose levels. Nutrition 27(10): 1008–16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2010.11.006

USDA Food Data Central. (2021). Oats. Retrieved from https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/170504/nutrients.

USDA, Foreign Agriculture Service. August, 2022. World agriculture production, Circular Series.

World Health Organization. 2021. The health-related Sustainable Development Goals: Progress report of the Western Pacific Region, 2020.