Evaluating the combined effects of elevated ozone and carbon dioxide on seed-related traits in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea)

GAYATHRI JAWAHAR JOTHI; D K  SHARMA; ARTI  BHATIA; MANJUNATH PRASAD; BOOMIRAJ KOVILPILLAI; SUDHIR KUMAR; VIJAY DUNNA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v95i5.150204

Authors

GAYATHRI JAWAHAR JOTHI ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
D K SHARMA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
ARTI BHATIA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
MANJUNATH PRASAD ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
BOOMIRAJ KOVILPILLAI Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
SUDHIR KUMAR ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India
VIJAY DUNNA ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v95i5.150204

Keywords:

Elevated ozone, Elevated CO2, Seed germination, Speed of germination, Uniformity in germination

Abstract

An experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons 2020–21 and 2021–22 at ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, aimed to evaluate the influence of elevated conditions on seed germination in Indian mustard. Three winter Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) varieties (PDZM 31, Pusa Bold, and PM 30) to study the effects of elevated ozone (65 ± 10 ppb), elevated carbon dioxide (550 ± 10 ppm), and their interaction under FAOE, FACE, and FAOCE treatments. The impact of elevated ozone, carbon dioxide, and their interaction on seed-related traits remains scarce and underexplored. The results showed that seed germination traits (germination percentage, speed of germination, uniformity in germination, seedling shoot length, and seedling shoot width) and seed size parameters (seed length and seed width) were negatively affected by elevated ozone at different growth stages of Indian mustard. Additionally, significant changes were observed under elevated CO₂. Notably, under interaction treatments, elevated CO₂ was found to mitigate the detrimental effects of elevated ozone, providing insights into potential adaptation strategies for mustard cultivation under future climatic conditions.

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