Synergistic effects of herbicide and nano-fertiliser on weed control, productivity and economics of wheat (Triticum aestivum)
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Authors
DURGESH K PATIDAR
ICAR-Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh 482 004, India
Keywords:
Herbicide compatibility, Nano urea, NDVI, Weed control efficiencyAbstract
Weeds pose a major constraint to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production and herbicides has been one of the most effective and economical tools for weed management. Meanwhile, the use of nano-fertilisers is gaining traction due to their efficiency and are often applied as top dressing at the same time as post-emergence herbicides. The compatibility between herbicides and nano-fertilisers and their combined impact on weed control and crop performance needs to be understood. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate the compatibility of three post-emergence herbicides at recommended doses with nano-fertilisers (nano-urea and nano-DAP, both individually and in combination) in wheat. Wheat variety ‘GW-322’ was selected for the study during the winter (rabi) season of 2023–24 and 2024–25 at ICAR- Directorate of Weed Research, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh. Clodinafop + metsulfuron (60 + 4 g ai/ha) combined with nano urea (4 mL/L) (T6) proved to be most effective, recording the lowest weed density, weed biomass, highest weed control efficiency (94.15%), lowest weed index and normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) (0.377) between the rows. This treatment also significantly improved wheat growth parameters including plant height, tillers/m², dry matter accumulation, leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate as well as yield attributes such as effective tillers, spike length and weight, grains/spike and test weight. The highest wheat grain yield and straw yield, net returns and benefit cost ratio (3.32) were also recorded with T6 and were comparable with those recorded with other treatments involving metsulfuron and mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron with nano-urea. Mesosulfuron + iodosulfuron (12 + 2.4 g/ha), applied alone, caused phytotoxicity up to level 3, which was mitigated when used in combination with nano-urea, enabling faster crop recovery.
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