Evaluation of different aonla (Emblica officinalis) cultivars under rainfed conditions of lower shivalik foothills of Himalayas

PARSHANT BAKSHI; V K WALI; AMIT JASROTIA; AKASH SHARMA; MUDASIR IQBAL

doi:10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50817

Authors

PARSHANT BAKSHI Associate Professor, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Faculty of Agriculture, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 009
V K WALI Professor and Head, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Faculty of Agriculture, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 009
AMIT JASROTIA Junior Scientist, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Faculty of Agriculture, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 009
AKASH SHARMA Assistant Professor, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Faculty of Agriculture, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 009
MUDASIR IQBAL PG student, Division of Fruit Science, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Faculty of Agriculture, Main Campus, Chatha, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir 180 009

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50817

Keywords:

Anthesis, Aonla, Flowering, Fruit drop, Fruit set, Quality, Yield

Abstract

Six cultivars of aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn), viz. Banarasi, Chakaiya, Neelam, Francis, Kanchan and Desi were evaluated for growth, yield and quality parameters. In all the cultivars of aonla, flowering started in the month of April. The cultivar Desi flowered early (1st week of April), whereas Kanchan and Neelam were found to be late in flowering (2nd week of April). The cultivar Banarasi had longest flowered period (24 days) while Neelam and Kanchan had shortest (20 days). The total number of flowers was higher in cultivars Banarasi (816) and Desi (842). The lowest sex ratio was recorded in Neelam (79.40:1) followed by Chakaiya (95.84:1) and highest in Desi (186.10:1) owing to higher percentage of female flowers in Neelam (1.25%) and minimum in Desi (0.53%). Maximum fruit setting of 51.86% was found in Neelam and minimum (20.16%) in Desi. Among the different cultivars studied, minimum fruit drop of 48.14% was recorded in Neelam and maximum (79.84%) in Desi cultivar. The study revealed that cultivar Neelam was superior to all other cultivars in terms of yield attributes as it registered highest average yield of 72.77 kg/ plant. From the various physical characteristics studied, cultivar Neelam showed significantly maximum fruit weight (41.46 g), fruit length (3.73 cm), fruit diameter (4.42 cm), fruit volume (39.80 cm3), pulp weight (39.57 g), stone weight (1.89 g) and pulp:stone ratio of 20.94. The cultivar Neelam was found superior in terms of chemical characteristics of fruit such as vitamin-C (596.03 mg/100g pulp), total sugars (5.71%), reducing sugars (3.41%), nonreducing sugars (2.19%), TSS:acid ratio (6.54). Specific gravity of 1.13, TSS (12.200B) and acidity of 2.08 was found maximum in Desi aonla. From the present investigation it can be concluded that Neelam cultivar of aonla is most superior under the rainfed conditions.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agarwal S and Chopra C S. 2004. Studies on changes in ascorbic acid and total phenols in making aonla products. Beverage and Food World 31: 32–4.

Anonymous. 1988. Annual Report, AICRP on Arid Fruits, Tech. Doc. No. 18.

Bajpai P N. 1965. Studies on vegetative growth and development of male and female gametophyte in aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). Agra University Journal of Research Science 14: 167–86.

Balasubramanyan S and Bangarusamy U. 1998. Maturity standard of aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) under rainfed vertisol. South Indian Horticulture 46: 347–8.

Dhander D G, Shukla A K and Shukla A K. 2007. Production technology of Indian goose berry for irrigated arid ecosystem. Indian Horticulture 52: 16–7.

Ghosh G N, Roy S and Bera B. 2013. Study on performance of aonla cultivars in laterite soil of West Bengal. Journal of Crop and Weed 9(2): 36–8.

Gomez A K and Gomez A A. 1996. Statistical Procedures for Agricultural Research, 2nd Edn. John Willey and Sons Inc., New York.

Goyal R K, Patil R T, Kingsly A R P, Walia H and Kumar P. 2008. Nutritive value of Indian foods. American Journal of Food Technology 3(1): 13–23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3923/ajft.2008.13.23

Jamwal B S. 2000. Comparative performance of some cultivars of aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). M Sc thesis, to SKUASTJammu, India.

Karale A R, Keskar B E, Dhanwale B S, Shele M B and Kale P N 1991. Flowering, sex expression and sex ratio in Banarasi aonla seedling trees. Journal of Maharastra Agricultural University 16: 270–1.

Kester D E. 1965. The inheritance of time of bloom in certain progenies of almond. Proceedings of American Society of Horticulture Science 87: 214–21.

Mishra R S and Bajpai P N. 1975. Studies on the floral biology of jamun (Syzygium cumini Skeels). Indian Journal of Horticulture 32: 15–24.

Pathak R K and Drivadi R. 1995. Problems and possibilities of aonla in arid zone. Phal Phool 17: 3–7.

Pathak R K, Ojha C M and Drivadi R. 1990. Aonla’s New selection “Narendra Aonla”. Phal Phool: 25.

Pathak R K. 2003. Status report of genetic resource of Indian gooseberry aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). South and South-East Asia Report, IPGRI, New Delhi.

Radha T and Mathew L. 2007. Fruit Crops: Horticulture Science, pp 287–8. New India Publishing Agency Pitam Pura, New Delhi. pp 287–8.

Ram S. 1971. Studies of the physiology of fruit growth in aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). Ph D Thesis, Kanpur University, Kanpur, India.

Ranganna S. 2003. Handbook of Analysis and Quality Control for Fruit and Vegetable Products. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd, New Delhi.

Sahu G D, Singh P and Singh A K. 2010. Studies on the physicochemical changes in aonla preserve (murabba) of three cultivars during storage. Research Journal of Agricultural Sciences 1(4): 419–25.

Sharma S S, Sharma R K and Yamdagni R. 1989. Studies on the yield and quality of fruit of aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). Research and Development Reporter 6: 41–3.

Singh I S, Wahid A and Pathak R K. 1994. New varieties of Indian gooseberry. Indian Horticulture 39: 3–5.

Singh J N, Singh S P and Bahadur L. 1989. Determination of maturity standards of aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) cultivars under eastern conditions of Uttar Pradesh. Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences 18: 216–20.

Singh R R, Joon M S and Daulta B S. 1984. A note on physicochemical characteristics of two cultivars of aonla (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.). Haryana Journal of Horticultural Sciences 13: 133–4.

Srivastava A K and Pathak R K. 1993. Studies on sex ratio, pollen viability and suitable pollinizer in aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). Paper presented in Golden Jubilee Symposium (Abstract) held at IIHR, Bangalore.

Srivastava R P and Sanjeev K. 2006. Fruit and Vegetable Preservation: principles and practices, pp261–2. International Book Distributing Co., Lucknow.

Srivastava A K and Singh I S. 1997. Genetic diversity in aonla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.). Indian Horticulture 42: 7–10.

Supe V S, Shete M B, Chavan U D and Kaulgud S N. 1997. Physico-chemical analysis of different aonla (Emblica officinalis) cultivars under Maharashtra conditions. Journal of Maharashtra Agricultural University 22(3): 310–2.

Teaotia S S, Singh D B, Singh R D and Singh R N. 1968. Studies of some important varieties of aonla (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.). Punjab Horticulture Journal 4: 241–4.