Morphological changes and induced mutagenesis in gladiolus varieties through gamma irradiation

ANJANA SISODIA; ANIL K SINGH; VANDANA SISODIA

doi:10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50849

Authors

ANJANA SISODIA Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture, School of Agriculture, ITM University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
ANIL K SINGH Professor and Head, Department of Horticulture, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh
VANDANA SISODIA Assistant Professor, Department of Adult, Continuing Education and Extension, University of Delhi, New Delhi

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i8.50849

Keywords:

Flowering, Gladiolus, Gamma irradiation, Mutant

Abstract

An experiment was conducted for 3 years (2011-12 to 2013-14) at Varanasi to find out influence of various gamma doses, i.e. 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 kR along with untreated (control) in different varieties of gladiolus, viz. Aldebaran, Jyotsana, Legend, Praha, Punjab Dawn, Pusa Kiran and Tiger Flame. During 1st and 2nd years various parameters were observed and data were pooled for statistical analysis, whereas during 3rd year stability of characters was observed among mutants. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with 5 replications. Maximum leaf area was observed with control plants followed by 1.5 kR, 2.5 kR, 3.5 kR, 4.5 kR and 5.5 kR treatments. Narrower and short leaves were observed as gamma doses increased. Maximum length of spike at 1^st floret opening was recorded with control followed by 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 kR. There was no significant difference between 1.5 kR and 2.5 kR treatments on length of spike at 1^st floret opening. Gamma dose at 2.5 kR registered durability of 1st floret followed by 1.5 kR, control, 3.5 kR, 4.5 kR and 5.5 kR treatments. No significant difference was observed between 2.5 kR and 1.5 kR treatments. Control plants gave maximum diameter of 3rd floret followed by 1.5 kR, 2.5 kR, 3.5 kR, 4.5 kR and 5.5 kR. Among varieties, cv. Jyotsana registered maximum length of spike, cv. Punjab Dawn resulted in maximum durability of floret and cv. Tiger Flame registered maximum diameter of 3rd floret. Interaction of = gamma doses and varieties were also found significant in all the characters studied. Various morphological changes were observed on gladiolus varieties in cv. Jyotsana, Legend and Praha at 1.5 to 3.5 kR doses of gamma. A mutant was identified from variety Tiger Flame at 4.5 kR of gamma irradiation. This mutant was observed during 1^st and 2^nd years. It was a stable mutant, hence, isolated during 3^rd year. Flower colour of mutant was different to the parent. Lower petals of mutant were found of yellow colour. It looks very attractive.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Banerji B K and Datta S K. 2002. Induction and analysis of gamma ray-induced flower head shape mutation in ‘Lalima’ chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 72(1): 6–10.

Broertjes C and van Harten A M. 1988. Applied Mutation Breeding for Vegetatively Propagated Crops. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

Jakota L I and Murin A V. 1994. Genetic variability of gladioli as the result of gamma irradiation. Buletinal-Academiei-de-Siinte, Republic of Moldova. Stunte Biolgia Si Chimice 270: 19–21.

Kasumi M, Takastu Y, Tomotsune H, Sakuma F and Iida S. 1999. The isolation of varied flower colour plants by ovary culture of sectorial chimera of gladiolus. Journal of Japanese Society of Horticultural Sciences 68(1): 195–7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2503/jjshs.68.195

Misra R L and Bajpai P N. 1983. Effects of mutagens on shooting, leaf number, heading, plant height and spike length in gladioli. Indian Journal of Horticulture 40: 107–11. Misra R L. 1982. A note of colour mutant in Gladiolus L. variety Ratna’s Butterfly. Haryana Journal of Horticulture Science 11(3-4): 217–8.

Misra R L. 1996. 60Co radiation source for creating variability in gladiolus. (In) DAE-BRNS Symposium on Nuclear Techniques in Increasing Crop and Animal Productivity (Abst), October 7- 9, BARC, Mumbai.

Patil S D, Patil H E and Dhaduk B K. 2010. Response of gamma radiation on vegetative and floral characters of commercial varieties of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.). (In) National Symposium on Life Style Floriculture: Challenges and Opportunities (Abst), YSPU H&F, Nauni, Solan (Himachal Pradesh), p 21.

Patil S D. 2011. Studies of mutation induction through 60Co gamma rays at morphological and cytological level in gladiolus. (In) National Conference on Recent Trends and Future Prospects in Floriculture (Abst), SVBPUAT, Meerut, pp 38–9.

Raghava S P S, Negi S S, Sharma T V R S and Balkrishna K A. 1988. Gamma ray induced mutants in gladiolus. Journal of Nuclear Agriculture and Biology 17(1): 5–10.

Rather, Z A and Jhon A Q. 2000. Effect of 60Co gamma rays on Dutch iris. Journal of Ornamental Horticulture 3(2): 71–4.

Singh A K. 2006. Flower Crops: Cultivation and Management, p 147. New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59317/9789389992311

Singh A K. 2014. Breeding and Biotechnology of Flowers, Vol. I: Commercial Flowers, pp 223–47 New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.

Singh A K and Kumar A. 2013. Studies of gamma irradiation on morphological characters in gladiolus. Asian Journal of Horticulture 8(1): 299–303.

Singh V N, Banerji B K, Dwivedi A K and Verma A K. 2009. Effect of gamma irradiation on African marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) cv. Pusa Narangi Gainda. Journal of Horticultural Science 4(1): 36–40.

Sisodia A and Singh A K. 2014. Influence gamma irradiation on morphological changes, post harvest life and mutagenesis in gladiolus. International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Biotechnology 7(3): 535–45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5958/2230-732X.2014.01358.8