Effect of plant growth regulators on sex expression, fruit setting, seed yield and quality in the parental lines for hybrid seed production in bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

S NAGAMANI; SUDIPTA BASU; SUKHBIR SINGH; S K LAL; T K BEHERA; S K CHAKRABARTY; AKSHAY TALUKDAR

doi:10.56093/ijas.v85i9.51605

Authors

S NAGAMANI Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
SUDIPTA BASU Senior Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
SUKHBIR SINGH Senior technical officer, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
S K LAL Senior Scientist, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
T K BEHERA Principal Scientist, Division of Vegetable Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
S K CHAKRABARTY Principal Scientist, Division of Seed Science and Technology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012
AKSHAY TALUKDAR Principal Scientist, Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v85i9.51605

Keywords:

Fruit setting, Fruit yield, Growth regulators, Hybrid seed production, Sex expression, Seed yield, Seed quality

Abstract

Effect of plant growth regulators on vegetative growth, sex expression,fruit setting, seed yield and quality was studied for hybrid seed production in the parental lines of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) hybrids,Pusa hybrid 1 and Pusa hybrid 2 in rainy and spring-summer season. Plant growth regulators namely GA₃ @ 50 ppm, NAA @ 200 ppm, maleic hydrazide @ 100 ppm, etherel @ 50 ppm were sprayed at three leaf and tendril initiation stage. The results showed that application of GA₃ significantly enhanced vine length, number of branches and nodes/vine, fruiting, seed yield and quality in the parental lines in both the seasons.The plants sprayed with growth regulators showed induction of female flowers at lower nodes with 3-5 more pistillate flowers per vine and higher sex ratio as compared to unsprayed control. In manually pollinated flowers, plants sprayed with GA₃@ 50 ppm had higher fruit and seed setting, fruit weight and hybrid seed yield. All the growth regulators had positive influence on vegetative, flowering and fruit traits in both the seasons but effect of growth regulators were more evident in rainy than springsummer season. GA₃ @ 50 ppm, NAA @ 200 ppm, etherel @ 50 ppm were effective for enhancement in vegetative growth, fruit and seed yield and modification of sex expression but GA₃ @ 50 ppm sprayed twice at three leaf and tendril initiation stage was most effective for hybrid seed production of bitter gourd.

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