Interlinked chemical-biological processes in anoxic waterlogged soil – A review

DEBARATI BHADURI; ASIT MANDAL; KOUSHIK CHAKRABORTY; DIBYENDU CHATTERJEE; RINKU DEY

doi:10.56093/ijas.v87i12.76483

Authors

DEBARATI BHADURI
ASIT MANDAL
KOUSHIK CHAKRABORTY
DIBYENDU CHATTERJEE
RINKU DEY

https://doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v87i12.76483

Keywords:

Anaerobic soil, C-N transformations, Microorganisms, Nutrient cycling, Soil organic matter, Waterlogging

Abstract

Wetland soils are predominantly oxygen-free includes swamps, marshes, coastal wetlands, floodplains, etc. and globally important for rice cultivation. The chemical changes happen due to changing electrochemical properties and also by anaerobic microorganisms. Anaerobic microorganisms play a key role in bringing about nutrient transformations with a general trend of increase in soil pH, electrical conductivity, and ionic strength but decrease in redox potential in waterlogged soils. The biogeochemical cycling of nutrients (C, N, P, S) by facultative and obligate anaerobes help to sustain life in submerged conditions. Under flooded conditions the availability of P, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Mo, and Si increases while that of S, Zn and Cu decreases. Moreover, fermentative bacteria decompose organic matter into CO2, H2, acetate, propionate, butyrate, fatty acids, amino acids, alcohols, etc. with a terminal step of methane formation by methanogens. Anaerobic soils are thus important for maintaining fertility, ecosystem productivity, and functions.

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Author Biographies

DEBARATI BHADURI

Scientist, ICAR National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753 006.
ASIT MANDAL

Scientist, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462038.
KOUSHIK CHAKRABORTY

Scientist, ICAR National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753 006.
DIBYENDU CHATTERJEE

Scientist, ICAR National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha 753 006.
RINKU DEY

Principal Scientist, ICAR-Directorate of Groundnut Research, Junagadh, Gujarat 362001

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