Turmeric extract supplementation for augmenting growth and health of Labeo gonius: A study in the hill conditions of Meghalaya, North-east India

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated the effects of turmeric extract (TE) supplementation on the growth and health of Labeo gonius (Hamilton, 1822), under Meghalaya conditions using cemented cisterns (each 1 m x 1 m x 1 m). The experimental fish, with an average size of 6.38±0.35 g/6.2±0.32 cm, were stocked at a rate of 30 fish per tank and fed feeds containing TE at concentrations of 0 (control), 2 and 4%, representing 3% of their biomass. Each feed type was assessed in replicates. We monitored water quality parameters fortnightly and assessed fish growth monthly. Fish were sampled (n=10) from each tank on the 15th, 30th and 60th days post-feeding and analysed for growth and blood parameters. The results revealed a significant increase in specific growth rate, with a remarkable 48.1% boost in the group fed with TE. Survival rates ranged from 88.4 to 90% for fish fed with TE compared to 78.4% for the control group. Fish fed with 2% TE demonstrated better condition factor (b = 2.8 to 3.1). Blood analysis showed elevated RBC and WBC counts, increased haemoglobin and total protein levels, reduced glucose and cholesterol content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) activity within normal ranges. Overall, optimal outcomes were observed in L. gonius with 2% TE supplementation in the feed. This study concludes that the inclusion of TE in the feed improves fish health and growth under the hill conditions of Meghalaya, North-east India. These findings are valuable for improving aquaculture strategies, particularly in hilly settings.

Keywords: Fish growth, Hill aquaculture, Immunity, Medium carp, Turmeric extract