Morpho-biochemical Characterization and Multivariate Assessment of Genetic Diversity in Rajmah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Genotypes from Northeast India
Genetic Diversity in Rajmah Genotypes
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Authors
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Bedashruti Saikia
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
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Rupam Borgohain
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
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Dr. Gayatree Goswami
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
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Ms. Jutika Das
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
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Mr. Anubrat Borah
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, Assam
Keywords:
Biochemical traits, Genetic diversity, Multivariate analysis, Northeast India, Phaseolus vulgarisAbstract
The present study assessed morphological, yield, and biochemical diversity among forty rajmah (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes
collected from five north eastern states of India, representing both vine and dwarf growth habits. Field experiments were conducted
during the rabiseasons of 2022–23 and 2023–24 at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat, using a randomized block design with three
replications. Eighteen traits were studied, including ten morphological and eight biochemical parameters and were evaluated
through univariate and multivariate analyses. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant genotypic differences for all traits,
indicating substantial genetic variability. Vine types exhibited greater plant height, branching, pod number, and seed yield, whereas
dwarf types recorded higher 100-seed weight and superior nutritional attributes, including fat, fibre, niacin, vitamin B₆, and folic acid.
Correlation analysis showed strong positive associations between yield and key plant architecture traits. Principal component, cluster,
and heatmap analyses grouped genotypes primarily by growth habit and regional origin. The outcomes of the study signify rich
genetic diversity in the rajmah germplasm of Northeast India and identify key traits for simultaneous improvement of yield and
nutritional quality.
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