Morphological DUS Characterization and Genetic Diversity Analysis of Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbred Lines under Waterlogging Conditions
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Authors
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Tosh Garg
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Sittal Thapa
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Ranjan
Abstract
A comprehensive study was undertaken to characterize 80 maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines for 28 morphological DUS traits under
waterlogging (WL) conditions. The descriptors included 20 visually assessed and 8 measurable characteristics. Analysis of variance
(ANOVA) for measurable traits revealed highly significant differences among genotypes for all characters studied, indicating the
presence of substantial genetic variability. Visually assessed DUS traits showed wide variation among lines for kernel shape, glume
colour, and grain colour, except for grain type, since all entries belonged to the field corn group. Cluster analysis based on combined
visual and measurable traits grouped the genotypes into two major clusters, indicating clear phenotypic diversity. When clustering
was performed using measurable traits alone, SE 610, SE 601, SE 616, I 190 and I 202 formed a separate cluster, highlighting their
distinct morphological expression. The combined assessment of qualitative and quantitative DUS descriptors proved efficient in
differentiating maize inbred lines. The study provides valuable baseline information for varietal distinctiveness testing, genetic purity
maintenance, and selection of potential parents in breeding programs aimed at improving waterlogging tolerance in maize.
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