Impact of major environmental conditions on pest population dynamics and plant resistance mechanisms in legumes

Abstract

Variations in global climate change are the biggest threat for crop production that affects the nutritional value of foliage plants. It decides the herbivore growth and development, their survival and geographical distribution. The change in herbivore-plants interaction is the result of elevated CO2 and increased temperature. Resistance and tolerance are the two elements that decide plant injury to biotic stress and these elements affected with the aid of greater extremes of CO2 and temperature levels. For instance, legumes are vital supply of food and feed in the form of proteins and along with improvement in the soil environment, therefore, the consequences of the stated abiotic factors need discussion between scientific communities. By integrating such influences of elevated CO2 and temperature on legume production, it is aimed to limit the deleterious consequences of statedelements in future breeding programs by harnessing the practicable positive effects. In-depth research on fundamental outcomes of elevated CO2 and temperature on insect-plant interaction is foremost required to overcome the integral limiting factors. In this review, current influences of elevated CO2 and temperatures on expression of resistance in grain legume plants, change in the plant physiology (e.g., nutritional composition, foliage biomass) and how, the changes occurred in the herbivory metabolism rate and food consumption rate are discussed.