Effect of dietary addition of herbal and microbial supplements on growth performance, nutrient retention and immunity of commercial broiler chicken
Herbal and Microbial Supplements in Broiler Nutrition
132 / 95
Authors
-
Srinivas Gurram
Poultry Research Station, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Swathi Bora
Department of Veterinary Pathology, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
SRILATHA THOTA
Department of Poultry Science, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Sai Reddy S
Poultry Research Station, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Ratna supriya
Department of Poultry Science, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Sushmasri K.
Department of Poultry Science, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Mounika Mendu
Department of Poultry Science, PV Narsimha Rao Telangana Veterinary University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Author
-
Shreya Gupta
Clinical Research Department, Ayurvet limited
Author
Keywords:
Broilers, Herbal supplements, Microbial product, Growth, Nutrient retention, ImmunityAbstract
This study evaluated the effect of dietary supplementation of herbal and microbial supplements on growth, immunity and nutrient retention in broiler chicken. The experiment was conducted using 420 day-old commercial broiler chicks, which were randomly divided into 7 dietary treatments, with 12 replicates having 5 chicks in each. Dietary treatments include T1: Basal diet (BD) alone, T2: BD + Nbiotic at 250 g/tonne of feed; T3: BD + Liqbiotic (in drinking water; per day/100 birds) 0-2 weeks: 2.5 mL; 2-4 weeks: 5.0 mL; 4-6 weeks: 10.0 mL; T4: BD + Salcochek Pro at 500 g/tonne of feed, T5: BD + AV/EGM/19 at 250 g/tonne of feed, T6: BD + AV/EGM/20 at 250 g/tonne of feed, T7: BD + Clostat (Bacillus subtilis) at 100 g/tonne of feed. The results revealed that significantly (p<0.05) higher body weight gain (BWG) and better feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in Nbiotic (T2), Liqbiotic (T3), AV/EGF/20 (T6) and Clostat (T7) groups during finisher phase when compared to control (T1) and other treatment groups. Dietary treatments did not show any significant effect on feed intake during pre-starter and starter phases, however significantly higher feed intake was observed in Nbiotic (T2) group. The humoral immune response was significantly (p<0.05) higher in Nbiotic (T2), Liqbiotic (T3) and Salcochek Pro (T4) groups when compared to control (T1) and other treatment groups. Dietary inclusion of herbal and microbial supplements, significantly (p<0.05) improved the crude protein (CP) digestibility, whereas energy and dry matter digestibilities were not affected. Finally, it could be concluded that supplementation of Nbiotic (T2), Liqbiotic (T3), AV/EGF/20 (T6) and Clostat (T7) can be recommended to improve the finisher phase BWG and FCR of broiler chicken. The CP digestibility was improved in all the dietary supplemented groups when compared to control group, whereas improved immunity was noticed in Nbiotic (T2), Liqbiotic (T3) and Salcochek pro (T4) supplemented groups.
Downloads
References
AOAC. 2012. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International. (19th Ed.) Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA.
Aswal, P., Kumar, A. and Singh, P.K. 2017. Garlic (Allium sativum) and amla (Emblica officinalis) powder addition to the diet affects the production performance of White Leghorn laying hens. Indian Journal of Animal Nutrition, 34(1): 80-86.
Bai, J. and Li, Y. 2022. Effects of Chinese herbal medicines on the productive performance, nutrient retention, egg quality and immune function of laying hens. Biology, 1: 1-9.
Bao, C., Zhang, W., Wang, J., Liu, Y., Cao, H., Li, F., Liu, S., Shang, Z., Cao, Y. and Dong, B. 2022. The effects of dietary bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL106 supplementation, as an alternative to antibiotics, on growth performance, intestinal immunity, epithelial barrier integrity, and intestinal microbiota in broilers. Animals, 12(22): 3085.
Darwish, H., Al-Hamid, A., Osman, M. and Hassan, S.S. 2021. Effect of dietary ginger and garlic supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood biochemical of broiler chicks. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, 20(2): 1-32.
Di, Y., Cao, A., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Sun, Y., Geng, S., Li, Y. and Zhang, L. 2022. Effects of dietary 1,8- cineole supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and intestine health of broilers. Animals, 12: 2415.
Duncan, D.B. 1955. Multiple ranges and multiple F test. Biometrics, 11(1): 1-42.
Elbaz, A.M., Ashmawy, E.S., Salama, A.A., Abdel-Moneim, A.M., Badri, F.B. and Thabet, H.A. 2022a. Effects of garlic and lemon essential oils on performance, digestibility, plasma metabolite, and intestinal health in broilers under environmental heat stress. BMC Veterinary Research, 18(1):1-2.
Elbaz, A.M., Ashmawy. E.S., Farahat, M.A., Ali, S.A., Amin, S.A, Thabet, H.A. and Gad, G.G. 2022b. Effect of different levels of clove essential oil on the growth performance, lipid metabolism, immunity and intestinal microbial structure of broiler chickens. Egyptian Journal of Nutrition and Feeds, 25(3): 361-368.
El-Hack, M.A. and Alagawany, M. 2015. Performance, egg quality, blood profile, immune function and antioxidant enzyme activities in laying hens fed diets with thyme powder. Journal of Animal Feed Science, 24(2): 127-133.
Eltazi, S. 2014. Response of broiler chicks to diets containing different mixture levels of garlic and ginger powder as natural feed additives. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Allied Sciences, 1: 3(4).
Ghanima, M.M.A., Alagawany, M., Abd El-Hack, M.E., Taha, A., Elnesr, S.S., Ajarem, J., Allam, A.A. and Mahmoud, A.M. 2020. Consequences of various housing systems and dietary supplementation of thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol on performance, egg quality, blood chemistry and antioxidant parameters. Poultry Science, 99(9): 4384-4397.
Giannenas, I., Bonos, E., Filliousis, G., Stylianaki, I., Kumar, P., Lazari, D., Christaki, E. and Florou-Paneri, P. 2019. Effect of a polyherbal or an arsenic-containing feed additive on growth performance of broiler chickens, intestinal microbiota, intestinal morphology and lipid oxidation of breast and thigh meat. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 28(1): 164-175.
Guler, T., Ertas, O.N., Ciftci, M. and Dalkilic, B. 2006. Effect of feeding Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) on egg production performance and nutrient retention in laying Japanese Quails. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 30(2):181-184.
Huyghebaert, G., Ducatelle, R. and Van Immerseel, F. 2011. An update on alternatives to antimicrobial growth promoters for broilers. The Veterinary Journal, 187(2):182-188.
Kirkpinar, F., Unlu, H.B. and Ozdemir, G. 2011. Effects of oregano and garlic essential oils on performance, carcass, organ and blood characteristics and intestinal microflora of broilers. Livestock Science, 137(1-3): 219-25.
Krysiak, K., Konkol, D. and Korczyński, M. 2021. Overview of the use of probiotics in poultry production. Animals, 11(6): 1620.
Kumar, L., Singh, P.K. and Kumar, M. 2013. Effect of dietary supplementation of combination of probiotics on the growth performance and immune response of broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 13(1): 15-25.
Melegy, T., Khaled, N.F., El-Bana, R. and Abdellatif, H. 2011. Effect of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis PB6 (CLOSTATTM) on performance, immunity, gut health and carcass traits in broilers. Journal of American Science, 7(12): 891-898.
Moustafa, N., Aziza, A., Orma, O. and Ibrahim, T. 2020. Effect of supplementation of broiler diets with essential oils on growth performance, antioxidant status and general health. Mansoura Veterinary Medical Journal, 21(1): 14-20.
Naeemasa, M., Qotbi, A.A., Seidavi, A., Norris, D., Brown, D. and Ginindza, M. 2015. Effects of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) seed powder and extract on the performance of broiler chickens. South African Journal of Animal Science, 45(4): 371-378.
Ogbuewu, I.P., Mabelebele, M. and Sebola, N.A. 2022. Bacillus probiotics as alternatives to in-feed antibiotics and its influence on growth, serum chemistry, antioxidant status, intestinal histomorphology and lesion scores in disease-challenged broiler chickens. Frontiers in Veterinary Sciences, 9: 876725.
Omar, J.A., Hejazi, A. and Badran, R. 2016. Performance of broilers supplemented with natural herb extract. Open Journal of Animal Sciences, 6(1): 68-74.
Ozek, K., Wellmann, K.T., Ertekin, B. and Tarim, B. 2011. Effects of dietary herbal essential oil mixture and organic acid preparation on laying traits, gastrointestinal tract characteristics, blood parameters and immune response of laying hens in a hot summer season. Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 20(4): 575-586.
Rafeeq, M., Rashid, N., Tariq, M.M., Sheikh, I.S., Mustafa, M.Z., Shafee, M., Mehmood, K., Bilal, R.M. and Asmat, T. 2021. Effect of herbal extract on the growth performance, serum biochemical composition, ileal histo-morphology and immune response of broiler chickens.
Rahimi, S., Teymouri Zadeh, Z., Karimi Torshizi Mleh, A., Omidbaigi, R. and Rokni, H. 2011. Effect of three herbal extracts on growth performance, immune system, blood factors and intestinal selected bacterial population in broiler chickens. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 13: 527-539.
Rajeshwari, U. and Andallu, B. 2011. Medicinal benefits of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L). Spatula DD, 1: 51-58.
Reema Abed, M. 2011. Cytotoxic, cytogenetics and immunomodulatory effects of thymol from Thymus vulgaris on cancer and normal cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Almustansiriyah Journal of Science, 22: 41–53.
Rodjan, P., Soisuwan, K., Thongprajukaew, K., Theapparat, Y., Khongthong, S., Jeenkeawpieam, J. and Salaeharae, T. 2018. Effect of organic acids or probiotics alone or in combination on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and gut microflora in broiler chickens. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 102: 931-940.
Saleh, N., Allam, T., El-Latif, A.A. and Ghazy, E. 2014. The effects of dietary supplementation of different levels of thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and ginger (Zingiber officinale) essential oils on performance, hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters of broiler chickens. Global Veterinarian, 12(6): 736-744.
Sen, S., Ingale, S.L., Kim, Y.W., Kim, J.S., Kim, K.H., Lohakare, J.D., Kim, E.K., Kim, H.S., Ryu, M.H., Kwon, I.K. and Chae, B.J. 2012. Effect of supplementation of Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2 to broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient retention, caecal microbiology and small intestinal morphology. Research in Veterinary Science, 93(1): 264-268.
Sikandar, A., Zaneb, H., Nasir, A., Adil, M., Ali, H.M., Muhammad, N., Rehman, T., Rehman, A. and Rehman, H.F. 2020. Effects of Bacillus subtilis on performance, immune system and gut in Salmonella-challenged broilers. South African Journal of Animal Science, 50(5): 1-5.
Singh, P.K. and Kumar, A. 2018. Effect of dietary black cumin (Nigella sativa) on the growth performance, nutrient utilization, blood biochemical profile and carcass traits in broiler chickens. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 18(3): 409-419.
Sun, Y., Zhang, M., Shi, D., Dai, X. and Li, X. 2024. Effects of designed herbal formula on growth performance, blood indices, organ traits, and cecum microbiology in broilers. Veterinary Sciences, 11(3): 107.
Swaroop, N., Chittithoti, A.K., Thullimalli, S., Kumar, A. and Ganguly, B. 2022. Efficacy of a phytogenic formulation as a replacer of antibiotic growth promoters at improving growth, performance, carcass traits and intestinal morphology in broiler chicken.
Vlaicu, P.A., Panaite, T.D., Untea, A.E., Idriceanu, L. and Cornescu, G.M. 2021. Herbal plants as feed additives in broiler chicken diets. Archiva Zootechnica, 24(2): 76-95.
Wegmann, T.G. and Smithies, O.A. 1966. Simple hemagglutination system requiring small amounts of red blood cells and antibodies. Transfusion, 6: 67–73.
Xing, T., Gao, F., Tume, R.K., Zhou, G. and Xu, X. 2019. Stress effects on meat quality: A mechanistic perspective. Comprehensive Review Food Science and Food Safety, 18(2): 380–401.
Zhang, S., Zhong, G., Shao, D., Wang, Q., Hu, Y., Wu, T. and Shi, S. 2021. Dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis promotes the growth performance of broilers by altering the dominant microbial community. Poultry Science, 100(3): 100935.
