Histological and Histochemical Studies of the Eye Structure of Anas Platyrhynchus (Mallard) Duck Species
282 / 32
Authors
-
Waleed J. A. Al-Kelaby
Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Najaf, Iraq.
-
Zahraa S. M. Al Kaabi
Department of Laboratory Investigations of Faculty of Science University of Kufa.
-
Hany A. Alhussaniy
Department of Pharmacy, Bilad Alrafidain University College, Diyala Junction, Baqubah, Diyala, Iraq.
Keywords:
eyeballs, mallard, histology, histochemicalAbstract
The aim of the present study is to describe the histological features of the eyes of a domestic mallard duck, Anasplatyrhynchus. The eyeballs often adult males and females constituted the material of the study. The cornea histologically consisted of a stroma, a Descemet membrane, a bowman membrane, an external epithelium, and a posterior epithelium. The choroid, located between the sclera and the retina and begins from the ciliary body to the optic nerve, is rich in blood vessels. The four histological layers of the choroid were suprachoroidea, brushes membrane, vascular layer, and choriocapillaris. The ciliary body connected anteriorly to the eye and was the front portion of the choroid. Two layers comprise the ciliary processes' epithelium: a shallow, cuboidal, nonpigmented layer and a deep, strongly pigmented one. Hyaline cartilage serves as the support of the ciliary body in addition to the fibers of smooth muscle. The retinaconsists of ten layers. The choroid, composed of four layers (suprachoroidal, bloodvessel layers, tapetum fibrosum, and choriocapillaris), is one of the five components of the cornea. Ten layers make up the sensitive portion of the retina.
Downloads
References
Al tunay, H. (2004) Fine structure ofthe Bruck membrane retinal pigment epithelium Bruck's membrane and chorio capillaries in the ostricalstruthiocamelus. Histo. Embryol. 33(1).38-
Al-Hussaniy, H. A. (2022) “The effect of MicroRNA-409-3p for treatment and response to tumor proliferation of lung cancer cell lines (in vitro),” Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 23(9), pp. 3151–3156. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2022.23.9.3151.
Ali, M. A., and Mirhish, S. M. (2019) Histological Study of ciliary body and retina of eye in Iraqi geese (Anser anser). Kufa Journal For Veterinary Medical Sciences, 10(2) : 74-81..
Al-Rubae S.J. (2010) Morphological and histological study of eye ball in falcon, MSc Theses, college of veterinary medicine Baghdad university.
Arey, L.B.(1974) Human histology. A.text book in outline form. 4th ed. W.B. Saunders Company Philadelphia .pp.122
Beheiry, R. R. et al. (2020) “Harderian gland of flying and non-flying birds: morphological, histological, and histochemical studies,” Journal of basic & applied zoology, 81(1). doi: 10.1186/s41936-020-00175-x.
Bringmann A (2019) Structure and function of the bird fovea. Anat Histol Embryol 48:177–200
De Stefano, A. J. and Mugnaini , E. ( 1997) Fine structure of the choroidal coat of the avian eye . Vascularization supporting tissue and innervation . Anat. Embryol. (Berl). Vol.195. pp:393-418 .
Eroschenko, V. P. (2005) Atlas of Histology, with functional correlation. 10th edition . Lippincott Williams and Wilkins . pp:417.
Etawi Z. M. ( 2012) Histological Study to compare between Lens of the Zajel pigeons and Taphozouskachhensiseyes by using light microscope.Al- Mustansiriya J. Sci Vol. 23(1) : 1-10
Evans, H. D., and Martin, G. R. (1993) Handbook of Avian Anatomy: Nomina Anatomica Avium . Cambridge, Massachusetts: Nuttall Ornithological Club pp 585 – 611.
Ferreira, T. A. C., Turner Giannico, A., and Montiani‐Ferreira, F. (2016) Hemodynamics of the pectinis oculi artery in American pekin ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domestica). Veterinary ophthalmology, 19(5) : 409-413.
Franz-Odendaal, T.A. and Vickary, M.K, (2008) Scleral os ossicles of Teleostei evolutionary and development eye. J. Morph. 261(11) : 13261337.
Glasser, A. and Howland, H.C. (1996) A history of studies of visual accommodation in birds. The quarterly review of biology. 71(4) : 474-509.
Goncalves, G.C., P.P. Merino, M.C.M. Garcia, A. Barcia, and J.M. Loves, (2016) Comparison of the characteristics in hen and quail corneas as experimental models of refractive surgery. Arch Soc EspOphtalmol. 91(7) : 310-315.
Jezler, P.C.O.C., M. B. P. Braga, E. Perlmann, R. Squarzoni, M. I. Borella, P. S. M. Barros, L. Milanelo, and A. Antunes, (2010) Histological analysis of eyeballs of the striped owl (Rhinoptynxclamator). Microscopy: Science, Technology, Applications and Education. 1047-1054.
Jochems B, and Phillips TE (2015) Histological and ultrastructural studies on the conjunctiva of the barred owl (Strix varia). PLoS One 12:e0142783. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0142783.
Kern, T. J., and Colitz, C. M. (2013) Section IV: Special Ophthalmology. In K. N. Gelatt, B. C. Gilger& T. J. Kern (Eds), Veterinary Ophthalmology, Fifth Edition, Vol II, pp :1750 – 1819.
Kiama , S. G. ; Bhattacharjee , J. and Maina , J. N. (1994) Ascannig electron microscape study of the pectin oculi of the black kite (milvus migrans ): possible involvment of melanosomes in protection the pectin against damage byulraviolet light . J. Anat. Vol. 185 . pp: 627-642.
Klećkowska-Nawrot JE, Gozdziewska-Harlajczuk K, and Lupicki D et al (2018) The differences in eyelids microsctructure and the conjunctiva-associated lymphoid tissue between selected ornamental and wild birds as a result of adaptation to their habitat. Acta Zool 99: 367–394
Komaromy, A. M. (2010). Day blind sheep and the importance of large animal disease models. The Veterinary Journal, 185: 241-242.
Korbel, R., Hufen, H., Schweikl, M., and Strobel, B. K. (2009) Ocular ultrasonography in birds. In Proceed Ann Conf Ass Avian Vet, Milwaukee/WI/USA (pp. 95-7).
Lacerda RP, Obón E, and Peña MT et al (2014) Comparative study of corneal sensitivity in birds of prey. Vet Ophthalmol 17: 190–194
Leite, A. G. B.; Oliveira, D. and Baraldi, S. M. (2013) Morphology of ocular system of domestic animals. Ars veterinaria, Jaboticabal, SP., 29(1): 42-51.
Lima, Fabiano C.; L. G. Vieira; A. L. Q. Santos, S. B. S. De Simone, L. Q. L. Hirano, J. M. M. Silva, and M. F. Romão. (2009) Anatomy of the Scleral Ossicles in Brazilian Birds. Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences 26(January 2007):165–169.
Lin, J. Y. and Fisher, D. E.(2007) Melanocyte biology and skin pigmentation. nature, v. 445, p. 843-850.
Meekins JM, Stuckey JA, and Carpenter JW et al (2015) Ophthalmic diagnostic tests and ocular findings in a flock of captive American flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruberruber). J Avian Med Surg 29:95–105
Moore BA, Maggs DJ, and Kim S et al (2019) Clinical findings and normative ocular data for free-living Anna’s (Calype anna) and Black-chinned (Archilochus alexandri) hummingbirds. Vet Ophthalmol 22:13–23
Muller Kozlu, T. and Altunay, H. (2011) Light and electron microscopic studies of the quail (Coturnix coturnix) Harderian gland. J. Anim. Vet. Adv. 10 : 932–938.
Pardue , M. T. and Sivak , J. G. (1997) The functional anatomy of the ciliary muscle in four avian species .Brain Behav. Vol. 49 .pp:295-311.
Redig, P. T.; Martinez, Rapinantes L. C.;. Tully, T. N.; Dorrestein, G. M. and Jones, A.(2010) Clinical of avian. 2. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Elsevier,. p. 212-213.
Saadatlou, M. A. and Shahrouz R. (2016) Histoanatomical study of the lens and ciliary body in ostrich eye. Vet. Res. Forum 7 (3): 221 – 226.
Shara, B. M.; Adhami, M. A. and Amr, M. Z. (2013) A comparison of routine fixation and microwave fixation of the retina in Garrarufa. Int J Curr SCI., 5: 101108.
Shehan N. A., (2012) Anatomical and histological study of eye in local chickens (Gallus domesticus) at Basrah city. AL-Qadisiya Journal of Vet.Med.Sci. 11(2) :53-59
Suvarna, K. S., Layton, C., and Bancroft, J. D. (2018) Bancroft’s theory and practice of histological techniques e-book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Tyrrell LP, Fernández-Juricic E (2017a) The hawk-eyed songbird: retinal morphology, eye shape, and visual fields of an aerial insectivore. Am Nat 189: 709–717
Tyrrell LP, Teixeira LBC, Dubielzig RR, Pita D, Baumhardt P, Moore BA, Fernandez-Juricic E (2019) A novel cellular structure in the retina of insectivorous birds. Sci Rep 9:15230.
Wilson, S.E. and J.W. Hong, (2000) Bowman’s layer structure and function: critical or dispensable to corneal function a hypothesis. Cornea. 19(4): 417-420.
