Studies on Feed Block Formation using Mustard Straw

Abstract

Moisture dependent physical properties of mustard straw like bulk density; true density and porosity were studied. The bulk and true densities increased linearly with increase in moisture content and varied from 42.5 to 55.3 kg/m³ and from 1915.56 to 1945 kg/m³ , respectively as the moisture content varied from 8 to 22 per cent (w.b.). Feed blocks of mustard straw alone as well as mixed with concentrates and molasses were prepared at different compaction pressures (209 to 419 kg/cm²) and at different moisture contents of feed. The properties of these blocks like bulk density and block resiliency were determined. Bulk density increased with increase in compaction pressure but decreased with increase in moisture content of feed. However, porosity and resilience of block decreased with increase in compaction pressure and increased with increase in moisture content of feed. Bulk density of blocks ranged from 260 to 808 kg/m³ . Bulk density increased with addition of concentrates and molasses. At 15% (w.b.) moisture content the bulk density of blocks of a mixture of mustard straw (65%), concentrate (35%) and molasses (5%) varied from 571 to 669 kg/m³ whereas the bulk density of blocks of mustard straw alone was in the range of 400 to 500 kg/m³ . Blocks of a mixture of mustard straw, concentrate and molasses are nutritious feed and due to increase in bulk density from 42.5-55.3 (mustard straw alone) to 571-669 kg/m³ (for the mixture of mustard straw, concentrates and molasses); its handling, storage and transportation is easy and economical.