Mapping the Status of Mushroom Cultivation: Global vis-à-vis India

Global and Indian status of mushroom production

Abstract

Mushroom cultivation in India has transitioned from a niche activity to an emerging agricultural enterprise with significant growth potential. Globally, Asia dominates mushroom production, contributing 96% of the total output, with China leading due to advanced cultivation techniques and high domestic demand. India, while still a smaller player, has shown remarkable growth in production, driven by urbanization, consumer awareness of mushrooms’ nutritional value, and government support. However, challenges such as limited awareness, inadequate infrastructure, high operational cost, and constrained market linkages persist. The Indian mushroom industry also shows promise in international trade, particularly in dried mushroom exports. Despite fluctuations in export values, India remains a significant exporter, leveraging its diverse agro-climatic conditions and low-cost manpower. Small-scale farmers, in particular, benefit from mushroom farming’s low land and capital requirements. With continued investment in infrastructure, research, and market development, mushroom cultivation in India holds the potential to boost rural livelihoods, enhance agricultural diversification, and meet rising global demand, positioning India as a key player in the global mushroom market.