POTATO TUBER DRY MATTER: A CRITICAL TRAIT FOR BREEDING, PROCESSING AND PRODUCTIVITY
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Authors
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Ratna Preeti Kaur
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Dr. Satish Kumar Luthra
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Shama Devi
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Dr Sugani Devi
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Dr. Sarla Yadav
ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute Regional Station Patna, Bihar, India
-
Raj Kumar
Keywords:
Tuber Dry Matter, Specific Gravity, Processing Quality, BreedingAbstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a globally important staple crop valued for its
versatility and high carbohydrate content. Tuber dry matter content (TDM) typically comprising
20% of freshly harvested tubers, is a critical trait influencing processing quality, nutritional value
and marketability. TDM is closely associated with specific gravity and varies significantly across
cultivars and is shaped by genetic and environmental factors, including agronomic practices and
storage conditions. High TDM is essential for processing industries particularly chips, French fries
and dehydrated products due to higher product yield, lower oil uptake and better texture. While
18–20% TDM is adequate for canning, levels exceeding 20% are optimal for most fried and dried
products. Despite its importance, breeding for high TDM presents challenges due to its quantitative
inheritance and strong genotype- by-environment interactions. Moreover, increased TDM may
compromise other traits, such as tuber yield and culinary quality, including disintegration during
boiling. These trade-offs complicate breeding decisions and demand a balanced approach that
integrates genetic, physiological and agronomic strategies. This review critically examines the
significance of TDM in potato breeding and processing, explores its genetic and environmental
determinants and highlights current challenges and future opportunities in developing high-TDM
cultivars. By enhancing our understanding of this complex trait, we can better align breeding goals
with industry needs and consumer preferences, ultimately improving potato productivity and value
across the supply chain.
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