Exploration of Mineral and Biochemical Status of Dairy Cattle in Pir Panjal Range of North-Western Himalayas, Kashmir
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Authors
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Sayima Akhter
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Yasir Afzal Beigh
Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2814-9179
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Abdul Majeed Ganai
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Haidar Ali Ahmad
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Javid Farooq
Keywords:
Biochemistry, Blood plasma, Dairy cattle, Feedstuffs, Jammu & Kashmir, Mineral statusAbstract
Mineral deficiency is an area specific problem with marked effect on productivity and can only be corrected by suitable supplementation of specific minerals which requires assessment of the mineral status of livestock in specific regions that depends upon the mineral content of available feedstuffs offered to them. This study was conducted to find out the mineral profile of some important feedstuffs and plasma of dairy cattle along with their metabolic parameters in different milk yield groups (yielding milk >10 kg/day, 5-10 kg/day, upto 5 kg/day and dry pregnant) under farmers’ field condition in district Shopian of Kashmir division. A total of 201 blood plasma samples were collected from dairy cattle, selected randomly from 6 different tehsils of two veterinary blocks (Shopian and Keegam) of the district. Also, samples of feeds and fodders most commonly offered to cattle by the dairy farmers were collected separately, pooled tehsil wise and analysed. The chemical composition of the feedstuffs were within prescribed normal ranges, but available fodders contained low P, Mg, Cu and Zn while all the concentrate feed resources were adequate in all the analysed macro- and micro-minerals. All plasma macro-minerals and only Fe among micro-minerals were above the critical levels, while all plasma biochemicals were within normal reference ranges except total protein in all groups of dairy cattle throughout the district. Overall deficiency of Ca, Cu, Mn and Zn exists among 41.56, 80.00, 89.50 and 89.67%, respectively in blood plasma of dairy cattle in the district with higher deficiency prevalence figures for dry pregnant compared to lactating animals. It is concluded that dietary strategy through formulation and supplementation of area specific mineral mixtures to overcome the mineral deficiencies could be a suitable approach for cost effective enhancement of milk productivity in the region.
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