In-Vitro, In-Situ and In-Vivo Evaluation of Alfalfa Residue Based Total Mixed Ration Feed Blocks for Sheep
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Authors
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C.Skandan
Dept. of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College, Shivamogga
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K. S. Giridhar
KVAFSU, BIDAR, KARNATAKA
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G.U.Manju
Dept. of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College, Shivamogga, Karnataka. India.
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T.Thirumalesh
Dept. of Animal Nutrition, Veterinary College, Shivamogga, Karnataka. India.
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M. M. Venkatesh
Dept. of Livestock farm complex, Veterinary College, Shivamogga, Karnataka.
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B. G.Veeranna Gowda
Dept. of Livestock Production Management, Veterinary College, Shivamogga, Karnataka.
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L. R. Ananthakrishna
Dept. of Veterinary Biochemistry, Veterinary College, Gadag, Karnataka.
Keywords:
Alfalfa residue, In-Situ, In-Vitro, lambs, Total Mixed Ration feed blockAbstract
This study explored the potential of Alfalfa nutraceutical residue (ANR) as a protein rich concentrate for growing lambs by conducting In-Vitro, In-Situ and In-Vivo methods. The ANR was high in crude protein (49.25%) and low in crude fiber (0.91%), with Ca: P ratio of 5.67:1.47. In-Situ protein degradability was very slow (RDP:UDP ratio was 10.49:89.51) and the Metabolizable energy (ME) of 4.3 MJ/kg was found. An In-Vivo feeding trial was conducted with 18 male lambs (3-4 months old) divided into three groups: T1 (Control) received Total Mixed Ration feed block (TMRfb) containing groundnut haulms and compounded feed mixture (50:50); T2 replaced 25% of crude protein (CP) with ANR, and T3 replaced 50%. All rations were iso-nitrogenous. Results showed that lambs in T2 (4.28%) and T3 (4.19%) had higher dry matter intake (DMI) than T1 (4.04%), but not varied significantly. Feed efficiency was similar across groups (5.41 to 5.81), but average daily gain (ADG) was higher in T2 (123.69 g/day) compared to T3 (111.29 g/day) and T1 (106.9 g/day). Nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance were comparable among groups. Therefore, ANR can effectively replace up to 50% of crude protein in lamb diets, promoting growth without negatively affecting feed efficiency or nutrient digestibility.
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