Variation in Straw Grain Ratio and Straw Quality in Different Rice Cultivars of India
471 / 33
Authors
-
Madan Mohan Das
IGFRI
-
Asim Kumar Misra
IGFRI
-
Krishna Kunwar Singh
IGFRI
-
Gaur Hari Pailan
CIFE
-
Tanveer Ahmed Khan
IVRI
Keywords:
Agro-climatic regions, Chemical composition, Nylon bag degradability, Paddy cultivars, Straw grain ratioAbstract
Straw grain ratio (S/G ratio) of paddy cultivars available across the country in different states was determined. Variation in straw quality was also estimated. Sampling locations were basically from farmers field spread over 9 major paddy producing states viz., Bihar, Chhatishgarh, Gujrat, Haryana, Jharkhand, Tamilnadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttrakhand and West Bengal. A significant variation (P<0.001) in straw to grain ratio was recorded in among the paddy cultivars grown by the farmers in different states. Variability (P<0.05) within cultivar was also observed grown under different agro-climatic regions and agronomical practices. Similarly significant variations (P<0.01) in all quality attributes viz., CP,NDF, ADF, hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin was recorded among the paddy cultivars. Among the various chemical constituents, the the lignin content varied greatly (126%) followed by CP(76.15%),hemicelluloses(72.34%), cellulose(37.67%),ADF (25.39%),and NDF(15.48%). The dry matter degradability of straw from different paddy cultivars ranged from 35 to 64.4 percent whereas fiber (NDF) digestibility varied from 63.52 to 80.74 percent. NBDMD was negatively correlated with ADF and lignin content of straw. It can be concluded that the variability in nutritional parameters among varieties /cultivars need to be exploited by plant breeders, particularly in paddy growing areas where paddy straw is a major roughage source for ruminant diet. Â
References
Agbagla, A., Gaillard-Martinie , B.,Puard , M. and Doreau, M.2003. Effect of silica content on rice straw ruminal degradation. J. Agric. Sci. 140: 183 - 192.
Agbagla-Dohnani, A., Nozière, P., Clement, G. and Doreau, M. 2001. In sacco degradability, chemical and morphological composition of 15 varieties of European rice straw. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 94:15-27.
Annual report (2016-17) Directorate of Agricultural cooperation and farmers welfare( DAC&FW)
AOAC, 2000. Official methods of analysis of the AOAC International, 17th edn, vol. 1 and 2. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Gaithersburg, MD.
Capper, B. S. 1988. Genetic variation in the feeding value of cereal straw. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 21:127-140.
Dash,D., Patro,H., Tiwari, R.C. and Shahid.M.2010. Effect of organic and inorganic sources of nitrogenon Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn uptake and content of rice grain at harvest and straw at different stages of rice (Oryza sativa) crop growth. Adv. Appl.Sci.Res.1 : 36-49.
Ibrahim, M. N. M., Tharmaraj, J., Schiere, J. B. 1988. Effect of variety and nitrogen application on the nutritive value of rice straw and stubble. Biol. Waste 24:267-274.
Iiyama, K., Lam, T. B. T. and Stone, B.A. 1990. Phenolic acid bridges between polysaccharides and lignin in wheat internodes. Phytochem. 29:733-737.
Khaire, A.R., Kunkerkar, R.L., Thorat, B.S., Gavai, M.P. and Bhave, S.G. 2017. Studies on genetic variability for yield and yield contributing traits in local rice (Oryza sativaL.) J. Pharmacogn. Phytochem. 6: 1376-1378.
Krishnakumar,S.,Nagarajan,R.,Nagarajan,S.K.,Jawahar,D. and Pandian,B.J.2005.NPK fertilizers for hybrid rice(Oryza sativa L.) productivity in alfisols southern districts of Tamil Nadu. Asian J.Plant Sci.4:574-576.
Lakshmanan, R., Prasad, R and Jain, M.C.2005. Yield and uptake of micronutrients by rice as influenced by duration of variety and nitrogen fertilization. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 51: 1-14.
Mandal, K. G., Misra, A. K., Hati, K. M., Bandyopadhyay, K. K., Ghosh, P. K. and Mohanty, M. 2004. Rice residue management options and effects on soil properties and crop productivity. Food, Agric. Environ. 2: 224–231.
Mehrez, A. J. and E. R. Orskov. 1977. A study of the artificial fiber technique for determining the digestibility of feed in rumen. J. Agril. Sci. (Camb.) 88 : 645-650.
Nader, G. A., Cunb, G. S. and Robinson, P. H. 2012. Impacts of silica levels, and location in the detergent fiber matrix, on in vitro gas production of rice straw. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 174:140-147.
Nakashima, Y. and Orskov, E. R. 1990. Rumen degradation of straw. 1. Effect of cellulase and ammonia treatment on different varieties of rice straws and their botanical fractions. Animal Production 50:309-317.
Nori, H. 2005. Effects of nitrogen fertilization levels on the straw nutritive quality of MR 211 and MR 219 rice varieties. Master Thesis. University Putra, Malaysia.
Nori, H., Halim, R. A. and Ramlan, M. F. 2006. The effects of nitrogen fertilization levels on the straw nutritive quality of Malaysian rice varieties. Journal of Agron. 5: 482-491.
Norton,G. J., Travis,A. J., Danku, J. M. C., Salt,D. E., Hossain, M., Islam, M. R. and Price,A.H.2017.Biomass and elemental concentrations of 22 rice cultivars grown under alternate wetting and drying conditions at three field sites in Bangladesh. Food and Energy Secur. 6: 98–112.
Peripolli, V., Barcellos, J. O. J., Prates, Ê. R., McManus, C., Silva, L. P., Stella, L. A., Costa Junior, J. B. G. and Lopes, R. B.2016. Nutritional value of baled rice straw for ruminant feed. R. Bras. Zootec. 45:, 392-399.
Robertson, J. B. and P. J. Van Soest.1981. The detergent system of analysis and its application to human foods. Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.
Sannasgala, K. and Jayasuriya, M. C. N. 1987. The influence of plant fractions on the digestibility of rice straw. Biol. Waste 20:153-156.
Sannasgala, K. and Jayasuriya, M. C. N. 1986. The effect of variety and cultivation season on the chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility of rice straw. Agric. Wastes 18:83-91.
Sarnklong,C., Cone, J. W., Pellikaan, W. and Hendriks, W. H. 2010. Utilization of rice straw and different treatments to improve its feed value for ruminants: A review. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 5 : 680 – 692.
Schiere,J.B.,Chiere, A. L., Joshi, A., Seetharam, S. J., Oosting, A. V., Goodchilds, B.D., and Van Keulen, H.2004. Grain and straw for whole plant value: Implications for crop management and genetic improvement strategies. Expl. Agric. 40: 277–294
Snedecor, G. W. and W. G. Cochran. 1968. Statistical Methods. 6th Edn, The Iowa State College Press, Ames, Iowa, USA.
Soebarinoto,S.C., Hennanto, H., VanBruchern, J.V. and Orskov, E.R.1993. Nutritive value of straw, with special reference to wet reason rice straw as rdated to variety and location of growth in East Java, Indonesia, pp.370-377. In: Kiran Singh and J.B. Schiere (eds.). Feeding of ruminants on fibrous crop residues, ICAR, New Delhi and Agril. Univ.,Wageningen.
Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences. 1997. Base 13 SPSS software products. SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL.
Tingxian,X., Rejun,F.,Zhiliang,T., Leihua, H. and Huiping,C.1993.A study on nutritional characteristics of rice straw in china. Asian-Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 6:291-300.
Vadiveloo,J .1995. Factors contributing to varietal differences in the nutritive yalue of rice straw. Anim. Feed Sci. and Technol. 54: 45-53.
Van Soest, P.J, J. B. Robertson and B. A. Lewis. 1991. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Symposium: Carbohydrate methodology, metabolism and nutritional implications in dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 74 : 3583-3597.
Downloads
Submitted
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright remains with the society and author jointly. However, material can be used for research, teaching and to achieve goals of the society.
